Publications

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2013
Amira El-Sayed Lamey, Norhan Khairy, Ahmed Mohamed Ammar, Emad Rezk allah Zaki, B. S. Moshref, and M. K. Refai, "Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Isolated from Recurrent Cases of Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis in Buffaloes", International Journal of Microbiological Research , vol. 4, issue 1, pp. 86-94,, 2013. amera_publ._paper.pdf
2012
Ahmed, K. A., H. A. E. Yazeed, H. Kotb, M. Elshabrawy, R. Alarousy, and M. Refai, "The effect of capsular size of C. neooformans on pathogenicity and pathological changes in experimentally infected mice.", J. American Sci., vol. 7, pp. 33-39, 2012.
Heba Roshdy*, S. A. E. - A. * and, and M. Refai, "Incidence of E. coli in chickens and ducks in different governorates in Egypt ", 1st Conf. of An. Health Res. Inst. Assoc., , vol. December, issue 1, pp. 420-426, 2012. incidence_of_e_coli_in_poultry.pdf
El-Aziz, S. A., H. Roshdy, and M. Refai, "A study of phenotypic and genotypic virulence markers of Escherichia coli isolat-ed from poultry", 1st Conf. of An. Health Res. Inst. Assoc., ., vol. 1, issue December , pp. 514 - 530, 2012. publication49_1_9.pdf
2011
Alarousy, R., H. A. E. Yazeed, H. Kotb, K. Abdalla, and M. Refai, "Amplification of Capsule-associated Genes from Cryptococcus neoformans", New York Science Journal, 2011;4(11), vol. 4, issue 11, pp. 38-42, 2011. amplification_of_capsule-associated_genes_from_cryptococcus_neoformans.pdf
Saleh, H. A., M. El-Hariri, A. A. Moawad, and M. K. Refai, "Genotyping of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates", International Journal of Genetics , vol. 1, issue 2, pp. 27-35, 2011. genotyping_of_candida_albicans_and_cryptococcus_neoformans_isolates_recovered.pdf
Yazeed, H. A. E., A. Hassan, R. E. A. Moghaieb, M. Hamed, and M. Refai, "Molecular Detection of Fumonisin-producing Fusarium Species in Animal Feeds Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)", Journal of Applied Sciences Research, , vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 420-427, 2011. molecular_detection_of_fumonisin.pdf
Abou-Elmagd, S., H. Kotb, K. Abdalla, and M. Refai, "Prevalence of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans in Animals from Quena Governorate with Special Reference to RAPD-PCR Patterns", . J. American Sci , vol. 7, pp. , 20-31, 2011. sheimaa_abo_elmagd_paper.pdf
Saleh, H. A., A. A. Moawad, M. El-Hariri, and M. K. Refai, "Prevalence of Yeasts in Human, Animals and soil sample in El-Fayoum Governorate in Egypt. ", International Journal of Microbiological Research , vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 233-239, 2011. prevalence_of_yeasts_in_human_animals_and.pdf
2010
M. El-Hariri, W. Tawakkol, H. A. El-Yazid, and M. Refai, "Molecular studies on the rDNA ITS and ISSR regions for identification of Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Microsporum canis using universal primers", 44. Scientific meeting of the German Mycological Society and Austrian Society for Medical Mycology, Vienna, Austria, 9-11 September, 2010, 2010. molecular_studies_on_rdna_of_cr.n_c.a_and_m.pdf
2008
Refai, M., Laila Mohamed, A. Kenawy, and S. Ali, "The assessment of mycotic settlement of freshwater fishes in Egypt.", 7. International Conference on Recirculating Aquaculture, July 25-27,. Blacksburg, V A 24051, USA., vol. 1, pp. 499-507, , 2008. the_assessment.pdf
Heidy Abo El-Yazeed, A. Hassan, W. Tawakkol, E. Radwan, and " M. Refai:, "Characterization of Candida albicans strains by molecular biology techniques",", Bull. Fac. Pharm. Cairo Univ. , , vol. 40, pp. . 121-135, 2008. characterization_of_candida_albicans_strains_by_molecular_______biology_techniques.doc.pdf
2007
M. El-Hariri, H. Shawky, N. Ezz-Eldin, W. Tawakkol, M. Kotb, and M. Refai, "Typing of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates recovered from droppings of pigeons, parrots and canaries.", Vet.Med.J.Giza. , vol. 55 , pp. 411-423., 2007. typing_of_c.n..pdf
2006
H. Shawky, N. Ezz-Eldin, W. Tawakkol, M. El-Hariri, M. Kotb, and M. Refai, " Isolation and identification of Cryptococcus neoformans from bird droppings, with special reference to newly formulated differential media based on development of brow", J.Egypt.Vet.Med.Assoc. , vol. 66 , pp. 165-179. , 2006. isolatrion_an_identification_of_cryptocoocus_neoformans_from.pdf
2005
Khedr, A., Omar, H., Soliman, Metwalli, M., Ebiary, E., J. El-Jakkee, and M. Refai, " Protective efficacy of plasmid DNA vaccine coding omph gene of Pasteurella multocida. ", Proc. 2d Intern. Conf. Vet. Res. Div. NRC, Cairo, Egypt , vol. 1, pp. 97-118., 2005. protective_efficiency_of_plasmid_DNA_vacc.pdf
Refai, M., A. El-Gohary, S. A. Attia, and R. A. Khalifa, ": Diagnosis of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in chickens by ELISA.", Egypt. J. Immunol. , vol. 12, , pp. 87-93, 2005. diagnosis_of_ort.pdf
Rania M. Azab, W.M. Tawakkol, A. M. Hamad, M.K. Abou-Elmagd, H. M. El-Agrab, and M. K. Refai, "Detection and estimation of aflatoxin B1 in feeds and its biodegradation by bacteria and fungi.", Egypt. J. Natural Toxins, vol. 2,, pp. 39-56., 2005. detec_and_est_of_afl_b1_in_feeds_and_its_biodegr.pdf
Refai, M., H. Kotb, H. Shawky, W. Tawakkol, R. Al–Arosi, and M. El-Hariri, "Development of brown colonies and capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans on plant extract agar and media containing oils.", Mykologie Forum,, vol. 3,, pp. 25-27,, 2005. brown_colour_beffect_in_cr._n.pdf
2004
Refai, M., A. El-Gohary, S. A. Attia, and R. A. Khalifa, " Bacteriological studies on Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) in chickens. .", Mansoura Vet. Med. J., vol. 6 , pp. 39-60, 2004. studies_on_ort.pdf
R. M. Al – Arosi, W. Tawakkol, M. H. R. Kotb, and M. K. Refai, " Isoaltion and identification of of Cryptococcus neoformans from milk and pigeon dropping, with special emphasis on the the effect of oil on the growth and capsular size. Egypt. J. ", Egypt. J. Biomed. Sci. , vol. 16, , pp. 340-353., 2004. isoloation_and_ident_of_cr._n.pdf
Refai, M., S.A. Youssef, N. A. Saleh, S. A. Attia, Hoda M. Zaki, W. Tawakkol, and B. S. Moshref, " Studies on virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic buffaloes. ", J. Vet. Med. Giza,, vol. 53, , pp. 253-265., 2004. studies_on_virulence_factors_of_sa.pdf
Refai, M., Rashwan, A., S. A. Attia, and E. Sharaf, "Bacteriological and serological studies on avian mycoplasmas in Menofia Governorate. ", Mansoura Vet. Med. J., vol. 6 , pp. 61-74. , 2004. bact_and_serol._studies_on_aviab_mycopl.pdf
Refai, M., S.A Attia, R. M. Salem, and E. M. Al-Dahshan, "Studies on the pathogenicity and enzymatic activities of Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus and A. niger isoated from chickens and their environment.", Egypt. J. Comp. Path.&Clin.Path. , vol. 17 : 17 , pp. 193-205., 2004. studies_on_path_and_enzym_act.pdf
2003
Refai, M., " Brucellosis in animals and man in Egypt. Egypt.", J. Vet. Sci, , vol. 37, , pp. 1-31 , 2003. brucellosis_in_animals_and_man_in_egypt.pdf
Radwan, A. A. Hassan, and M. Refai, " Correlation between virulence factors and pathogenesis of Candida albicans. ", J. Egypt. Vet. Med. Ass. , vol. 63, , pp. 239-247 , 2003. correlation_bet_virulence_factors_and_patho.pdf