@inbook {citeulike:8025269,
	title = {An English-Arabic Bi-directional Machine Translation Tool in the Agriculture Domain},
	booktitle = {Intelligent Information Processing V},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {340},
	year = {2010},
	note = {<p>n/a</p>
},
	pages = {281{\textendash}290},
	publisher = {Springer Boston},
	organization = {Springer Boston},
	chapter = {34},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {<p>The present work reports our attempt in developing an English-Arabic bi-directional Machine Translation (MT) tool in the agriculture domain. It aims to achieve automated translation of expert systems. In particular, we describe the translation of knowledge base, including, prompts, responses, explanation text, and advices. In the central laboratory for agricultural expert systems, this tool is found to be essential in developing bi-directional (English-Arabic) expert systems because both English and Arabic versions are needed for development, deployment, and usage purpose. The tool follows the rule-based transfer MT approach. A major design goal of this tool is that it can be used as a stand-alone tool and can be very well integrated with a general (English-Arabic) MT system for Arabic scientific text. The paper also discusses our experience with the developed MT system and reports on results of its application on real agricultural expert systems.</p>
},
	keywords = {arabic, expert\_systems, machine\_translation, natural\_language\_processing, transfer\_approach},
	isbn = {978-3-642-16326-5},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-16327-2\_34},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16327-2_34},
	attachments = {https://scholar.cu.edu.eg/sites/default/files/shaalan/files/bi_direct_a_e_mt.pdf},
	author = {Khaled Shaalan and Ashraf Hendam and Rafea, Ahmed},
	editor = {Shi, Zhongzhi and Vadera, Sunil and Aamodt, Agnar and Leake, David}
}
