Darwish, M., "إنشاء الوزارات بالتطبيق على مصر", مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للدراسات والبحوث العلمية, vol. 25: الجمعية العلمية لكليات الحقوق العربية, 2012.
Abstract
The international protocol utilized in diagnosing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often yields inaccurate results due to limited diagnostic capability in the early stages. Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), a well-known serum tumor marker used in NSCLC diagnosis, has restricted sensitivity and specificity. Despite this, it serves as a primary supplementary diagnostic tool that confirms findings from diagnostic radiology (PET-CT). Regrettably, its limited sensitivity fails to identify around one-third of NSCLC patients. With a growing number of patients being diagnosed with NSCLC, the effectiveness of the provided treatment is constrained. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover, enhance, and establish a new technique that aids in the diagnosis of NSCLC. The low-angle x-ray scattering (LAXS) method was utilized to analyze the lyophilized serum of NSCLC patients, creating distinct patient profiles that identify molecular variances among NSCLC patients without subjecting them to harmful radiation exposure. The resulting LAXS profile exhibited two peaks, with the initial peak at 4.8° being particularly responsive to changes in protein structures, distinguishing them as the primary unique features compared to normal serum. By comparing LAXS profile measurements of NSCLC patients to those of individuals with normal serum, the specific 4.8° scattering peak emerged as a defining characteristic for distinguishing NSCLC patients from healthy individuals. Leveraging the LAXS technique provides comprehensive molecular insights, showing promise as a valuable tool for detecting NSCLC at an early stage.
