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Energy levels, spontaneous radiative decay rates and electron impact collisionstrengths are calculated for Cu I with the Relativistic Dirac-Fock (RDF).method.

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Animal housing is a major source of gaseous emissions, such as ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Ammonia is an atmospheric pollutant and responsible for eutrophication and soil acidification, while CO2, CH4, and N2O are greenhouse gases (GHG) that contribute to global warming. The quantification of gaseous emissions from livestock buildings with natural ventilation systems is a particularly difficult task and is associated with uncertainties that are largely unknown. One key issue is to measure the ventilation rate and then to quantify the gaseous emissions. Therefore, in this study, the ventilation rate was determined by three different methods simultaneously. Field experiments were carried out to study the ventilation rate in a naturally ventilated dairy barn located in northern Germany during the summer seasons from 2006 to 2010. The air exchange rates (AER) as well as the ventilation rates were determined by the decay of the radioactive tracer krypton-85, the carbon dioxide (CO2) balance, which was used as the reference method in this study, and the combined effects of wind pressure and temperature difference forces (WT method). Subsequently, the results were compared with each other by carrying out Pearson correlation analysis and developing a regression model.