The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the effects of administration various levels (400, 800 and 1,200 ppm) of pomposia extracts as natural antioxidant in comparison with BHT as synthetic antioxidant on some biochemical activities and histopathological examination of rats.

Male adult albino rats were used to study the hypoglycemic effect of Mangiferaindica and Psidium guajava aqueous extracts either used individually or incombination of as well as the effect of glibenclamide as reference sulfonylureasdrug at the dose level of 0.5 mg/kg body weight in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.Preliminary test using different doses of each plant indicated that the most effectivedoses were 250 mg/kg body weight for each plant. Our studies was extended toinclude the effect of the tested doses on different biochemical parameters includingserum insulin concentration, hepatic glycogen content, total proteins, total lipidsand transaminases activities in serum and liver. The obtained data of the abovementioned investigations revealed great alleviation of the impaired glucose tolerance, serum insulin and hepatic glycogen content, also serum and hepatic totalprotein contents were increased as a result of treatment. In STZ-diabetic rats, theactivities of (ALT, AST and ALP) either detected in sera or hepatic tissues wereincreased, then the activities were improved as a result of treatments.

n/a

Plantago major (seeds and leaves) and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar beans( were analyzed for general chemical components including, fatty acids and amino acids. Guar beans had high contents of proteins, fats and total hydrolysable carbohydrates. Plantago leaves high percentage of linolenic acid was characterized by 56.19%. While, P. major seeds and Guar beans had high percentages of linoleic acid (25.41 and 48.99%, respectively). Essential and non essential amino acids were present in all samples and Guar beans had high amounts of glutamic, arginine, aspartic and leucine. Total phenols, total flavonoids and tannin content were the highest in Plantago leaves.

The effects of sublethal concentrations of methanol extract of sesbania sesban plant on survival rate, egg laying of Bulinus truncatus snails, hatchability of their eggs, infection rate with Schistosoma haematobium miracidia, cercarial production and certain physiological parameters of treated snails were studied. The sublethal concentrations of the tested plant extract (LC0, LC10 and LC25) caused considerable reduction in survival rates; egg production of B. runcates snails; hatchability of eggs as well as in the infectivity of Schistosoma haematobium miracidia to the snail. Also, the tested concentrations reduced the cercarial production per snail and the period of cercarial shedding. The glucose level in haemolymph of exposed snails was elevated while the glycogen, protein content and the activities of hexokinase (HK), pyruvatekinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed a decrease in soft tissues when compared with the control group. It was concluded that the app lication of sublethal concentration of methanol extracts of Sesania sesban may be helpful in snail control as it interferes with the snails' biology and physiology.

Aquatic environments get contaminated with pesticides residues that result from the application of pesticidesin agricultural practices. The present study aimed to evaluate the pesticides Malathion and Deltamethrinon biological and biochemical parameters of Helisoma duryi snails. The results showed that LC10of the two pesticides caused considerable reduction in survival rates and egg production of treated snails.

Background: Laterally wedged insoles have controversial effect in treating medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. This study examined the effects of unilateral and bilateral use of insoles having medial arch supports and of different inclinations on the frontal plane external hip, knee, subtalar moments and pelvic alignment.

Background: Various methods have been described for tonsillectomy. Convincing evidence in the literature is still lacking regarding the optimal method of performing this surgical procedure.

n/a

Coupling of bis-enaminones with benzenediazonium chloride and 3-diazo-1,2,4-triazole proved to be convenient routes for the synthesis of novel 3,4-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyrazoles and 3,6-bis(heteroaryl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazines which have not been reported previously. The structures of the products were elucidated on the basis of their spectral properties, elemental analyses and, wherever possible, by alternate synthesis.

In this paper, we propose a fragile watermarking hybrid approach using rough set kmeans and exponential particle swarm optimization (EPSO) systems. It is based on a block-wise dependency mechanism which can detect any alterations made to the protected image. Initially, the input image is divided into blocks with equal size in order to improve image tamper localization precision. Then feature sequence is generated by applying rough k-means and EPSO clustering to create the relationship between all image blocks and cluster
all of them since EPSO is used to optimize the parameters of rough k-means. Both feature sequence and generated secret key are used to construct the authentication data. Each resultant 8-bit authentication data is embedded into the eight least significant bits (LSBs) of the corresponding image block. We gives experimental results which show the feasibility of using these optimization algorithms for the fragile watermarking and demonstrate the
accuracy of the proposed approach. The performance comparison of the approach was also realized. The performance of a fragile watermarking approach has been improved in this paper by using exponential particle swarm optimization (EPSO) to optimize the rough kmean parameters. The proposed approach can embed watermark without causing noticeable visual artifacts, and does not only achieve superior tamper detection in images accurately,
it also recovers tampered regions effectively. In addition, the results show that the proposed approach can effectively thwart different attacks, such as the cut-and paste attack and collage attack, while sustaining superior tamper detection and localization accuracy.