This Study aims at attempting to answer the following question: Which of the Analysis Methods i.e. technical analysis or fundamental analysis has more credibility in forecasting the value (prices & returns) of the share?. To achieve this objective, the study used the Pooled Cross-Sectional and Time Series Analysis. In this paper, we have applied on an arbitration sample consisting of (37) non-financial companies listed in the Egyptian Financial Markets (The Egyptian Exchange EGX) and which represent the most active companies in EGX through the Period (1998 – 2009) i.e. yearly periods. The results show that there is a significant difference between the results of the technical analysis and the fundamental analysis concerning the value (prices & returns) of the share in EGX in favor of the technical analysis method, that is a result of the characteristics of the Egyptian market which is inefficient financially, and the variation in financial reports and statements, in addition to the impact of the non-economic aspects. This result matches with some of the studies which were applied in the emerging financial markets.

This study aims at reviewing the theoretical foundations and literature reviews for technical analysis approach, to examine the ability of this approach to predict the future stock value in both the emerging and developed financial markets. On reviewing several studies in emerging markets and as a result of financial inefficiency, the simplest technical trading rules are able to predict the future stock value. In contrast, the application of these same simple rules (models) for technical analysis results in inaccurate predictions in developed financial markets, however, with the use of some complex models, such as neural network, genetic algorithm, genetic programming, and chartist analysis system for trading (CAST), and technical analysis applied models, the result is so clear in the predictability of the future stock value using the technical analysis approach in developed financial markets. So it can be concluded that the technical analysis is profitable in both emerging and developed financial markets. The study recommended that research and study try to reach the best and most accurate technical analysis models that can be applied in both emerging and developed financial markets, which can then be generalized.

The purpose of this paper is an attempt to reach a better stock valuation model of the Fundamental Analysis Approach, by reviewing the theoretical foundations and literature reviews.

By reviewing the theoretical foundations for each model of the fundamental analysis models, and sequentially beginning of the Discounted Dividend Model (DDM), through a Multiplier Models, and finally the Discounted Cash Flow Model (DCFM), we find that all these models have strengths, despite the lack of accuracy, because it is required financial efficiency market. Recently Ohlson (1995) stated the simulated benefit in the formulation of the Residual Income Model (RIM). The Ohlson Model identifies the relationship between stock values and accounting variables.

By reviewing the literature reviews, in financial markets, we conclude that the best model that can be relied upon to predict stock value, that proved credibility in both emerging and developed markets, is Residual Income Model (RIM), which doesn’t require financial efficiency for its application.

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Left atrial appendage aneurysm (LAAA) is a rare congenital structural heart disease. It is often diagnosed by echocardiography; however, other imaging modalities can add to its diagnosis and its potential effects on the surrounding structures. A 16-year-old boy presented with dyspnea and palpitation. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large LAAA communicating with the LA through a narrow neck with impaired left ventricular (LV) systolic function. Multidetector cardiac tomography showed that the LAAA is compressing the left anterior descending artery. The LAAA was surgically resected followed by improvement of the LV systolic function.