Phototherapy has been the standard of care for the treatment of Hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. It is generally safe procedure, although behavioral and neurological side-effects can occur. This study was to assess behavioral and neurological responses of neonates with jaundice undergoing phototherapy. A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized on a convenient sample of sixty neonates with jaundice, total serum bilirubin level ranged from seven to twenty mg/dl and undergoing phototherapy at the NICU of El-Monera Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University. A neonatal characteristics assessment sheet, and Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) were used to collect data from September 2018 to February 2019.After written consent from parents, neonatal characteristics were recorded from the medical sheet and every neonate was assessed individually using (NBAS) two times, before starting and after stopping phototherapy. The current study revealed that all neonates were full term and their mean weight was 2.86 ± 0.53. Behavioral and neurological responses of neonates with jaundice were differed significantly after than before starting phototherapy on the NBAS. There were behavioral differences of studied neonates after phototherapy related to their habituation, social interactive, motor response, state organization, state regulation and reflexes. NBAS must be used as a tool in the routine care for neonates with jaundice undergoing phototherapy and establishment of health educational instruction for all working nurses in NICUs about appropriate nursing care to minimize the potential side effects and complications of phototherapy.

Most of Senna species including those under study formerly belonged to the
genus Cassia until reassigned recently to follow the genus Senna, but this process
is not entirely complete and some corrections may still take place. Thus, any new
information about Senna plants are urgently to be welcomed. It is aimed in this
study to bring to light more information about the morphology and anatomy of two
Senna species belong to the family Caesalpiniaceae, namely; Senna occidentalis
(L.) Link and Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. This would be an effort to proper
delimitation of these species in the genus Senna which are of great interest from an
economic and medicinal point of view. The morphology of vegetative growth
included: plant height, length and diameter of the main stem, number of internodes
of the main stem, number of primary branches developed on the main stem,
lengths of primary branches at maturity, fresh weight of leafless shoot per plant,
total number of leaves per plant, total leaf area per plant and fresh weight of leaves
per plant. Moreover, keen observations and descriptive morphology of the root and
the shoot were under consideration. The morphology of reproductive growth
included: flower bud differentiation, full blooming, fruit set and maturity. In
addition, the yield characters at harvest time.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the carrying angle and the muscle strength in children with Erb's palsy and also to assess the effect of reduced muscle strength on the muscle architecture and carrying angle in these children. Subjects and procedures: Twenty three Erb's palsied children (boys and girls) with age ranged from 6 months to 6 years old were selected to participate in this study. Carrying angle was measured by a universal goniometer, muscle architecture parameters (pennation angle and muscle thickness) were measured by ultrasonography and muscle strength was measured by active movement scale for young children and by Laffayette dynamometer for older children. Results: The results of this study revealed that there was a positive significant correlation between carrying angle and pennation angle of biceps during relaxation in affected side of group (2) and a positive correlation between carrying angle and muscle thickness of biceps and triceps during contraction in non affected side of group (1). Also in comparison between both sides there was a significant increase in carrying angle in the non affected side. Also a significant increase in pennation angle of triceps during relaxation in the non affected side. In conclusion: From the obtained results, it can be concluded that there is a relation between carrying angle, muscle architecture parameters and muscle strength.