Background: Conventional fractionated radiation therapy over 4-5 weeks with sequential boost is the standard of care for postoperative RT treatment for patients with early stage breast cancer who undergo BCS. However, the use of an accelerated RT course can be used in departments with high patients flow to reduce waiting list and machine loads as well as to improve patient compliance.

Patients and Methods: This is a prospective phase II study conducted at Kasr El-aini Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine (NEMROCK). Patients who underwent breast conservative surgery were recruited according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Recruited patients were planned using 3D conformal technique to receive a hypofractionated radiation schedule using 40 Gy/2.67 Gy per fraction over 3 weeks to the whole breast with Concurrent boost 8.0 Gy/0.5 Gy per fraction over 3 weeks. Dosimetric parameters for the coverage of the breast CTV were set using V38, V36 Gy and the homogeneity using the Dmax and the Dmin. For the coverage of the boost PTV V45.6Gy and V43Gy were used and for dose homogeneity Dmax and Dmin. As regard dose constrain for organ at risk (OAR), no more than 20% of the ipsilateral lung exceeds 16 Gy, no more than 5% of the whole heart exceeds 20 Gy. All patients was evaluated for acute toxicity and cosmetic outcome.

Results: During the period from June 2014 to January 2017, a total of 63 patients with a median age of 51 years were included. The dosimetric parameters for the coverage of target volumes and dose constrain for OAR were in compliance with our protocol. Regarding acute skin toxicity, only 20% of patients developed GII skin toxicity, while 68% of patients developed G0-I skin toxicity, none of the patients developed GIII or more skin toxicity. The overall cosmetic assessment was excellent in 80.95 % of patients and good in 19% of patients.

Conclusions: Hypofractionated radiotherapy in three weeks to the whole
breast with a concomitant boost in patients undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS), allows acceptable outcomes in terms of dosimetric parameters, acute toxicity and early cosmetic results and is a good approach for our department NEMROK due to the reduction of 15 days when compared to standard RT treatment of breast cancer. long- term follow up data are needed to assess late toxicity, cosmesis, and clinical outcomes.

This thesis is concerned with the analysis of four selected drugs of the CVS
acting drugs namely Amlodipine besylate, Atorvastatin calcium, Valsartan and
Hydrochlorothiazide. In this work, different analytical techniques were applied for
the simultaneous quantitative determination of Amlodipine besylate and
Atorvastatin calcium in their laboratory prepared mixtures and in their tablet
dosage form using spectrophotometric methods. Stability study was carried out on
Amlodipine besylate and Atorvastatin calcium and stability indicating methods
were developed for the determination of both drugs in the presence of their acidic
degradation products using chemometric methods. Different analytical techniques
were applied for the simultaneous quantitative determination of Amlodipine
besylate, Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in their laboratory prepared mixtures
and in their tablet dosage form using spectrophotometric, chemometric and
chromatographic methods. The aim of the present work was the development of
analytical procedures which would be feasible, sensitive and specific for the
determination of the studied drugs in their laboratory prepared mixtures and their
pharmaceutical dosage forms and Amlodipine besylate and Atorvastatin calcium
in the presence of their acidic degradation products.

Phototherapy has been the standard of care for the treatment of Hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. It is generally safe procedure, although behavioral and neurological side-effects can occur. This study was to assess behavioral and neurological responses of neonates with jaundice undergoing phototherapy. A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized on a convenient sample of sixty neonates with jaundice, total serum bilirubin level ranged from seven to twenty mg/dl and undergoing phototherapy at the NICU of El-Monera Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University. A neonatal characteristics assessment sheet, and Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) were used to collect data from September 2018 to February 2019.After written consent from parents, neonatal characteristics were recorded from the medical sheet and every neonate was assessed individually using (NBAS) two times, before starting and after stopping phototherapy. The current study revealed that all neonates were full term and their mean weight was 2.86 ± 0.53. Behavioral and neurological responses of neonates with jaundice were differed significantly after than before starting phototherapy on the NBAS. There were behavioral differences of studied neonates after phototherapy related to their habituation, social interactive, motor response, state organization, state regulation and reflexes. NBAS must be used as a tool in the routine care for neonates with jaundice undergoing phototherapy and establishment of health educational instruction for all working nurses in NICUs about appropriate nursing care to minimize the potential side effects and complications of phototherapy.