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The measurement of one- and two-neutron removal cross section and longitudinal momentum distribution of 19C after reaction with a Be target at 64 A MeV are reported. This is the first study of the two-neutron removal for the nucleus. Besides that, the present one-neutron removal study helps to confirm negligible energy-dependent effects. This comes from an agreement between data at high and low energy in a wide momentum range. A comparison of the two-neutron removal momentum widths presented for Carbon isotopes shows interesting feature for 19C.

PURPOSE: PCA3 is a urinary marker that has shown promise in predicting the presence of prostate cancer in men undergoing repeat prostate biopsy. We studied PCA3 before initial prostate biopsy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records from a single organization were retrospectively reviewed. The predictive value of PCA3 was explored using nonparametric receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (ROC) and multivariable logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 3,073 men underwent PCA3 analysis before initial prostate biopsy sampling of 12 to 14 areas. Mean PCA3 was 27.2 and 52.5 for patients without and with cancer, respectively. Prostate cancer was identified in 1,341 (43.6%) men. Overall 54.5% had Gleason 6 disease and 45.5% had Gleason 7 or greater (high grade prostate cancer). Mean PCA3 was 47.5 and 58.5 for the patients with Gleason 6 and 7 or greater disease, respectively. On multivariable logistic analysis PCA3 was statistically significantly associated with prostate cancer and high grade prostate cancer after adjusting for prostate specific antigen (p<0.001 for both), free prostate specific antigen (p=0.04 and p=0.01, respectively), age (p<0.001 for both), family history (p<0.001 and p=0.59, respectively), abnormal digital rectal examination (p=0.31 and p<0.001, respectively), prostate volume (p<0.001 for both) and body mass index (p<0.001 for both). Using ROC analysis PCA3 outperformed prostate specific antigen in the prediction of prostate cancer (AUC 0.697 vs 0.599, p<0.01) but not for high grade prostate cancer (AUC 0.682 vs 0.679, p=0.702).

CONCLUSIONS: PCA3 proved a useful tool in identifying patients at risk for prostate cancer before initial prostate biopsy. To our knowledge this is the largest PCA3 study in the initial biopsy population. These results suggest that further exploration of the value of PCA3 is warranted.

Background: As low- and middle-income countries experience economic development, ensuring quality of health care delivery is a central component of health reform. Nevertheless, health reforms in low- and middle-income countries have focused more on access to services rather than the quality of these services, and reporting on quality has been limited. In the present study, we sought to examine the prevalence and regional variation in key management practices in Egyptian health facilities within three domains: supervision of the facility from the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP), managerial processes, and patient and community involvement in care.

Background: Addressing nursing students' lack of interest in providing care for the aged population is a global challenge for nursing educators. Despite global interest in student nurses' readiness for older people care, almost all the literature has been identified from single countries, predominantly with high income per capita. At present, no study has been conducted to provide evidence-based data related to this topic from a multi-country perspective.Objective: The study's purpose was to examine the willingness to work with older persons and associated factors among student nurses from nine countries (or regions).
Design: This study utilized correlational and cross-sectional designs.
Settings: This was a multi-country survey study conducted in China, Chile, Egypt, Hong Kong, India, Greece, the State of Palestine (henceforth Palestine), the Philippines, and Saudi Arabia.
Participants: 2250 baccalaureate nursing students were recruited from nine universities in this study.
Methods: The survey that was used to collect data comprised four parts: socio-demographic data, attitude toward aging, older persons care perception, and willingness to work with such group.
Results: Respondents in five regions (including Mainland China, Greece, Hong Kong, Palestine, and Saudi Arabia) stated that older persons were the least favored group for future career choices. In comparison with mainland China, respondents in Chile, India, and the Philippines were significantly more likely to be willing to care for older patients, but those in Egypt and Greece indicated a lower tendency to choose this option. Favorable attitudes toward aging and older person care perception were significantly associated with having the willingness to provide care to gerontologic patients in the future.
Conclusions: Although attitudes toward aging and older person care perceptions have long been confirmed as important factors that are linked with willingness in caring for older people, this study adds that location is a more influential factor. Additional research in other countries is needed to advance the knowledge in this important area.