Mohamed Mahrous Amer

Avian pneumovirus infection in turkey has been termed turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT), while in chickens termed swollen head syndrome (SHS).

The disease conditions can be induced by infection with avian pneumovirus alone, but the more severe forms of the disease probably resulted from dual or secondary infection with other respiratory affections as Bodetella avium, Mycoplasma spp ORT and E.coli, viruses as ND   and IB as well as bad environmental factors.

1- Turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT).

2. Swollen head syndrome (SHS).