El Mahallawy, H., M. M. Zafer, M. Al-Agamy, and M. A. Amin, "Dissemination of ST101 blaOXA-48 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae at tertiary care setting", Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, vol. 12, issue 6, pp. 422-428, 2018.
Mattar, M. - A. M., A. - R. N. Zekri, N. Hussein, H. Morsy, G. Esmat, and M. A. Amin, "Polymorphisms of base-excision repair genes and the hepatocarcinogenesis", Gene, vol. 675, pp. 62 - 68, 2018. AbstractWebsite

Aim To determine the possible association between polymorphisms of DNA repair genes, including XRCC1 Arg194Tryp, Arg280His, and Arg399Glu, APE1 Asp148Glu, and NEIL2 Arg257Leu, and the risk of developing hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 264 subjects were recruited in this retrospective case-control study and were categorized into four groups: 88 control subjects (CR), 53 chronic hepatitis C patients (CHC), 36 liver cirrhotic patients (LC), and 87 HCC patients. The XRCC1 Arg194Tryp, Arg280His, and Arg399Glu polymorphisms were detected using PCR-RFLP, while real-time PCR was used to genotype APE1 Asp148Glu and NEIL2 Arg257Leu. Results Our data revealed that, compared with the healthy controls, for those subjects with the XRCC1 Arg194Trp genotype, the risk of developing CHC, LC, and HCC was increased by 6.66- (odds ratio (OR) = 6.667; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.244–13.701; P > 0.01), 3.85- (OR = 3.852; 95% CI = 1.797–8.256; P > 0.01), and 2.14-fold (OR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.13–4.06; P > 0.05), respectively. There was no association between the risk of HCC development and the XRCC1 Arg280His or XRCC1 Arg399Gln genotypes. Moreover, the analysis showed a lack of association between APE1 Asp148Glu and the risk of HCC development. The analysis of clinicopathological parameters showed that the HCC patients with the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism were 2.9 fold more likely to have hepatic lesions in both hepatic lobes (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.15–7.29). Notably, in the HCC patients, the prevalence of the APE1 polymorphism in the males was four times higher than that in the females (OR = 4; 95% CI = 1.129–14.175; P > 0.05). Conclusion Our results indicate that the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism could be a risk factor for HCV-related HCC development in Egypt.

ElMahallawy, H. A., M. M. Zafer, M. A. Amin, M. M. Ragab, and M. H. Al-Agamy, "Spread of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae at tertiary care cancer hospital in Egypt", Infectious Diseases, vol. 50, no. 7: Taylor & Francis, pp. 560-564, 2018. AbstractWebsite
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Abouhmad, A., T. Dishisha, M. A. Amin, and R. Hatti-Kaul, "Immobilization to Positively Charged Cellulose Nanocrystals Enhances the Antibacterial Activity and Stability of Hen Egg White and T4 Lysozyme", Biomacromolecules, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 1600-1608, 2017. AbstractWebsite
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Abouhmad, A., G. Mamo, T. Dishisha, M. A. Amin, and R. Hatti-Kaul, "T4 lysozyme fused with cellulose-binding module for antimicrobial cellulosic wound dressing materials", Journal of Applied Microbiology, vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 115–125, 2016. AbstractWebsite
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Eisa, M., H. El-Refai, and M. Amin, "Single step biotransformation of corn oil phytosterols to boldenone by a newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa", Biotechnology Reports, vol. 11, pp. 36 - 43, 2016. AbstractWebsite
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El-Sayed-Ahmed, M. A. E. - G., M. A. Amin, W. M. Tawakol, L. Loucif, S. Bakour, and J. - M. Rolain, "High prevalence of bla(NDM-1) carbapenemase-encoding gene and 16S rRNA armA methyltransferase gene among Acinetobacter baumannii clinical Isolates in Egypt.", Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, vol. 59, issue 6, pp. 3602-5, 2015. Abstract

The main objective of this study was to decipher the molecular mechanism of resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides in a large series of 150 Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates collected from July 2012 to September 2013 in Egypt. We report for the first time the emergence of bla(NDM-1) and the cooccurrence of 16S rRNA methylase armA with bla(NDM-1) and bla(OXA-23) in Egyptian hospitals. Multilocus sequence typing identified 27 distinct sequence types, 11 of which were novel.

Zafer, M. M., M. H. Al-Agamy, H. A. El-Mahallawy, M. A. Amin, and S. El Din Ashour, "Dissemination of VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST233 at tertiary care hospitals in Egypt.", BMC infectious diseases, vol. 15, pp. 122, 2015. Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen, commonly causing infections in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to examine the genetic relatedness of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates collected from 2 tertiary hospitals in Cairo, Egypt using Multi Locus sequence typing (MLST).

METHODS: Phenotypic and genotypic detection of metallo-beta-lactamase for forty eight non-duplicate carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were carried out. DNA sequencing and MLST were done.

RESULTS: The bla VIM-2 gene was highly prevalent (28/33 strains, 85%) among 33 MBL-positive P.aeruginosa isolates. MLST revealed eleven distinct Sequence Types (STs). A unique ST233 clone producing VIM-2 was documented by MLST in P.aeruginosa strains isolated from Cairo university hospitals. The high prevalence of VIM-2 producers was not due to the spread of a single clone.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study clearly demonstrate that clones of VIM-2 positive in our hospitals are different from those reported from European studies. Prevalence of VIM-2 producers of the same clone was detected from surgical specimens whereas oncology related specimens were showing diverse clones.

Fayed, B., D. A. Ashford, A. M. Hashem, M. A. Amin, O. N. Elgazayerly, M. A. Gregory, and M. C. M. Smith, "Multiplexed Integrating Plasmids for Engineering of the Erythromycin Gene Cluster for Expression in Streptomyces spp. and Combinatorial Biosynthesis.", Applied and environmental microbiology, vol. 81, issue 24, pp. 8402-13, 2015 Dec 15. Abstract

Bacteria in the genus Streptomyces and its close relatives are prolific producers of secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity. Genome sequencing of these bacteria has revealed a rich source of potentially new antibiotic pathways, whose products have never been observed. Moreover, these new pathways can provide novel genes that could be used in combinatorial biosynthesis approaches to generate unnatural analogues of existing antibiotics. We explore here the use of multiple orthologous integrating plasmid systems, based on the int/attP loci from phages TG1, SV1, and ϕBT1, to express the polyketide synthase (PKS) for erythromycin in a heterologous Streptomyces host. Streptomyces strains containing the three polyketide synthase genes eryAI, eryAII, and eryAIII expressed from three different integrated plasmids produced the aglycone intermediate, 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-dEB). A further pair of integrating plasmids, both derived from the ϕC31 int/attP locus, were constructed carrying a gene cassette for glycosylation of the aglycone intermediates, with or without the tailoring gene, eryF, required for the synthesis of erythronolide B (EB). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of the metabolites indicated the production of angolosaminyl-6-dEB and angolosaminyl-EB. The advantages of using multiplexed integrating plasmids for engineering expression and for combinatorial biosynthesis were demonstrated.

Zafer, M. M., M. H. Al-Agamy, H. A. El-Mahallawy, M. A. Amin, and M. S. E. - D. Ashour, "Antimicrobial resistance pattern and their beta-lactamase encoding genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cancer patients.", BioMed research international, vol. 2014, pp. 101635, 2014. Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) and extended-spectrum β -lactamases (ESBL) in P. aeruginosa isolates collected from two different hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and phenotypic screening for ESBLs and MBLs were performed on 122 P. aeruginosa isolates collected in the period from January 2011 to March 2012. MICs were determined. ESBLs and MBLs genes were sought by PCR. The resistant rate to imipenem was 39.34%. The resistance rates for P. aeruginosa to cefuroxime, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and piperacillin/tazobactam were 87.7%, 80.3%, 60.6%, 45.1%, and 25.4%, respectively. Out of 122 P. aeruginosa, 27% and 7.4% were MBL and ESBL, respectively. The prevalence of bla(VIM-2), bla(OXA-10(-)), bla(VEB-1), bla(NDM(-)), and bla(IMP-1)-like genes were found in 58.3%, 41.7%, 10.4%, 4.2%, and 2.1%, respectively. GIM-, SPM-, SIM-, and OXA-2-like genes were not detected in this study. OXA-10-like gene was concomitant with VIM-2 and/or VEB. Twelve isolates harbored both OXA-10 and VIM-2; two isolates carried both OXA-10 and VEB. Only one strain contained OXA-10, VIM-2, and VEB. In conclusion, bla(VIM-2)- and bla(OXA-10)-like genes were the most prevalent genes in P. aeruginosa in Egypt. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bla(VIM-2), bla(IMP-1), bla(NDM), and bla(OXA-10) in P. aeruginosa in Egypt.

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