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2024
Embaby, A., L. A. Maged, H. M. Abdel-Hamid, and K. T. El Hadidi, Factors associated with severe infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, , vol. 52, issue 4, pp. 1337 - 1345, 2024. AbstractWebsite

This aimed to identify the factors associated with severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

2023
Maged, L. A., S. Saeed, W. A. E. Fattah, and W. Gaber, Clinical significance of Galectin-1 and Galectin-4 in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their potential role as diagnostic markers, , vol. 45, issue 1, pp. 99 - 103, 2023. AbstractWebsite

Aim of the workTo investigate the utility of serum Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and Galectin-4 (Gal-4) as potential markers for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to explore their relationship with disease activity.
Patients and methods
Serum Gal-1 and Gal-4 of 60 RA patients were compared to 30 age and sex-matched controls. Potential relationship of both markers with disease activity assessed using Disease activity score-28 joints (DAS-28), seropositivity (Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)), functional classification assessed using modified health assessment questionnaire (MHAQ), radiographic progression assessed using Larsen score and treatment was investigated.
Results
The study included 60 patients; 54 (90 %) females and 6 (10 %) males with a mean age of 42.6 ± 10.1 years and disease duration of 7.5 ± 6.4 years. Their mean DAS-28 was 4.6 ± 1.0, their MHAQ was 1 ± 0.5 and their Larsen score was 41.3 ± 9.9. The mean of Gal-1 and Gal-4 were both significantly lower in RA patients in comparison to control group (4.4 ± 1.5 ng/ml vs 38.1 ± 25.5 ng/ml and 1.2 ± 0.7 ng/ml; p < 0.001vs 8.1 ± 7.0 ng/ml; p < 0.001 respectively. At a cut off value ≤7.7 for Gal-1 and ≤2.3 for Gal-4 was successfully able to differentiate between RA patients and control group. There was no correlation between both Gal-1 & Gal-4 and DAS-28, MHAQ, Larsen score, RF or ACPA titres.
Conclusion
Gal-1 & 4 serum levels have a potential role as diagnostic markers in patients with RA. Both markers however cannot be regarded as disease activity or severity markers.

Fouad, M. M., N. H. Zawilla, and L. A. Maged, Work performance among healthcare workers with post COVID-19 syndrome and its relation to antibody response, , vol. 51, issue 4, pp. 839 - 849, 2023. AbstractWebsite

Health care workers (HCWs) are frontliners in facing Cornoravirus disease (COVID-19) and hence are amongst the high risk groups of acquiring COVID-19 infection. The impact of COVID-19 infection and post-infection sequelae on work performance has deleterious effects on HCWs and the whole community. The aim of the current study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 infection particularly those with post-COVID-19 syndrome on work performance among HCWs and to determine if a possible relationship with antibody response exists.

Maged, L. A., E. Soliman, and H. M. Rady, "Disease damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Disease activity, male gender and hypertension as potential predictors", The Egyptian Rheumatologist, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 121-126, 2023. AbstractWebsite

Aim of the work: To identify factors associated with damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Patients and methods: Based on Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College ofRheumatology damage index (SDI) patients were divided into 2 groups; patients with damage (SDI ≥ 1) and without (SDI = 0). Groups were compared regarding demographic features, co-morbidities, cumulative clinical features, treatment and assessment of the modified SLE disease activity index (M−SLEDAI) at baseline and every 6 months till the end of follow up.Results: The study included172 patients; 152 (88.4%) females and 20 (11.6%) males with a mean age of 35.5 ± 8.6 years and disease duration of9.8 ± 1.2 years.Eighty-five (49.4%) patients had damage with a mean SDI of 1.04 ± 1.36. The musculoskeletal, renal and neuropsychiatric systems were damaged in 17.4%, 12.8% and 10.4% of patients, respectively. A comparison between patients with and without damage identified male gender (p = 0.001); older age (p = 0.002), age at onset (p < 0.001); hypertension (p = 0.001); renal (p = 0.007) and neuropsychiatric involvement (p = 0.019); vasculitis (p = 0.044); M−SLEDAI last-visit (p = 0.004), average M−SLEDAI (p = 0.007), number and frequency of visits with active disease (p < 0.001 for both); number of flares (p = 0.001); use and cumulative dose of pulse steroids (p < 0.001 and p = 0.042, respectively), overall cumulative steroid dose (p = 0.007), cyclophosphamide use (p < 0.001), hydroxychloroquine dose (p = 0.029) and less use of leflunomide(p = 0.01) as factors associated with damage. On multivariate regression, the association between damage and male gender (p = 0.02), hypertension (p = 0.016) and number of visits with active disease (p = 0.002) was retained. Conclusion: Male gender, hypertension and prolonged disease activity in SLE contribute to damage occurrence.

2018
El Hadidi, K. T., B. M. Medhat, N. M. Abdel Baki, H. Abdel Kafy, W. Abdelrahaman, A. Y. Yousri, D. H. Attia, M. Eissa, D. El Dessouki, I. Elgazzar, et al., "Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a retrospective cohort of 1109 patients from a single center", LupusLupus, vol. 27, issue 6: SAGE Publications Ltd STM, pp. 1030 - 1038, 2018. AbstractWebsite

IntroductionSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that can vary among different ethnic and racial groups.ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to study the prevalence of various manifestations of SLE in a sample of the Egyptian population.Patients and methodsInformation in this study was derived from the medical records of SLE patients who sought medical advice at a private clinic in Cairo from January 1980 to June 2016.ResultsThis study included 1109 SLE patients, of whom 114 (10.3%) were males and 995 were females (89.7%). Mean age of onset was 25.89?±?10.81 years, while the median of disease duration from the onset of the disease till the last recorded visit was 26 months. The most common cumulative manifestations were arthritis (76.7%), malar rash (48.5%), leukopenia (45.7%), and photosensitivity (45.6%). A total of 33.1% of the patients had nephritis, and neuropsychiatric lupus was present in 6.4% of the patients. Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome was present in 11.5% of the patients. Antinuclear antibody and anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid were present in 1060/1094 (96.9%) and 842/1062 (79.3%) of the patients, respectively. Antiphospholipid antibodies were present in 266/636 (41.8%) of the patients, anti-Smith in 54/240 (22.5%), anti-SSA/Ro in 61/229 (20.4%), and anti-SSB/La in 32/277 (11.6%) of the patients. Male patients had a statistically higher prevalence of nephritis (p?=?0.01), whereas arthritis and alopecia were statistically higher in females (p?=?0.012 and p?=?0.006, respectively). Patients with juvenile onset had a statistically higher prevalence of nephritis and seizures (p?<?0.001 and p?=?0.012, respectively).ConclusionsArthritis and malar rash represented the most common clinical manifestations. Male and juvenile-onset patients had a predilection toward a more severe disease. These results are in agreement with many studies conducted in the Middle East and worldwide. On the other hand, major organ involvement was exceptionally low, which is contradictory to several reports from the Middle East and across the globe.

El-serougy, E., H. S. Zayed, N. M. Ibrahim, and L. A. Maged, "Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as markers of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus: the controversy continues", LupusLupus, vol. 28, issue 11: SAGE Publications Ltd STM, pp. 1329 - 1336, 2018. AbstractWebsite

ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to investigate the utility of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as markers of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.Patients and methodsSixty-nine SLE patients with symptoms and signs of infection proved by culture and/or a favorable response to antibiotics and 69 SLE patients without infection were included. Serum PCT and plasma high-sensitivity CRP were assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsSLE patients with infection had a significantly higher level of CRP than those without infection ((median (IQR) 104.5 (25.5?100.9) and 10.3 (5.4?23.1) mg/l, respectively), p<0.001).ConclusionSerum PCT could not differentiate SLE patients with or without bacterial infection in this study, while the utility of CRP as a marker of infection has been confirmed.

2013
Z, N., R. HM, and M. LA, "The impact of fibromyalgia on disease assessment in rheumatoid arthritis patients", The Egyptian Rheumatologist, vol. 35, issue 3, pp. 115-119, 2013.
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