@article {103487, title = {* Associate Professor in Endodontics, Endodontic Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. ** Associate Professor in Endodontics, Medical Applications Department, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences NILES, Cairo U}, journal = {E.D.J.}, volume = {61}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

Objective: This study compared efficacy of agitation of ethylendiamintetraacetic acid {\textquotedblleft}EDTA{\textquotedblright} and sodium hypochlorite {\textquotedblleft}NaOCl{\textquotedblright} with 980-nm Diode laser, Endoactivator and side-vented needle on cleanliness of oval-shaped root canals. Furthermore surface temperature during lasing was evaluated.
Methods: Thirty six extracted canines with oval canals were instrumented by ProTaper Next up to X5 and equally divided into three experimental groups (n=10) and three control groups (n=2) according to final 60-second agitation (12 sec x5) for each of 5 ml 2.5\% NaOCl and 5 ml 15\% EDTA using; Diode laser, Endoactivator or side-vented needle. Thermocouples were utilized to measure surface temperature in laser group. SEM was used to evaluate canal walls for smear layer and debris removal. Image analysis was utilized to look at changes in dentinal tubules. Cohen Kappa, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze data.
Results: Scoring and image analysis showed that all groups had overall similar capacity to remove smear layer, P\>0.05. Overall debridement of instrumented and un-instrumented surfaces revealed that Laser and needle, respectively, performed significantly better than Endoactivator, P\<=0.05. All groups had the least significant smear removal in the most apical region, P\<=0.001. Laser effectively reduced debris along canal length. Variable regional debris removal was evident for Endoactivator and needle. Maximum mean surface temperature rise was 2.4{\textpm}0.6{\textdegree}C.
Conclusions: The results reinforced that laser activation is a useful irrigating adjunct. 980-nm Diode Laser agitation of EDTA and NaOCl was more effective in cleaning oval root canals than Endoactivator and side-vented needle techniques.

}, author = {Ghada El-Hilaly Eid and Latifa Mohamed Abdelgawad} }