Gad-El-Mawla, N., J. S. Macdonald, and H. Khaled, "Hexamethylmelamine in advanced head and neck cancer. A phase II study", American Journal of Clinical Oncology: Cancer Clinical Trials, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 205-208, 1984. AbstractWebsite

The results of hexamethylmelamine therapy in 20 patients with advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer are reported. No patient had previously received chemotherapy. The dose of hexamethylmelamine was 8 mg/kg/day p.o. There was partial response in 3/20 (15%) patients. The duration of the response was 6-10 weeks. Twelve of 20 (12/20) patients had stable disease for a median of 8 weeks (range: 4-18 weeks). Hexamethylmelamine was well tolerated with the only significant toxicity being mild nausea and vomiting. This drug deserves further evaluation in the treatment of head and neck cancer.

Abed, A. M., and H. M. Khaled, "Distribution of uranium in the Jordan phosphates.", Dirasat, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 91-103, 1985. AbstractWebsite

Some 95 samples representing the phosphates of Jordan were taken from Esh-Shidiya, Hasa, Mujib, Qastal, Ariesh, Rusiefa and North Jordan phosphates. They were analysed for U, P and Ca. The U contents are found to increase towards Ruseifa in the N. The U3O8/P2O5 ratio is a better indicator for U distribution than the absolute values of U. This study indicates that each locality has its characteristic ratio, and the mean ratio for each locality increases towards N Jordan. Thus, while Esh-Shidiya has 2.8 ppm U for each 1% P2O5, Rusiefa has 5.39 ppm U for each 1% P2O5. It is ths recommended that if the fertilizer industry is going to utilize U from the Jordan phosphate they should use the N Jordan deposits (ie Qastal, Rusiefa, Samu) and not Esh-Shidiya phosphate.-Authors

Gad-El-Mawla, N., M. R. Hamza, Z. K. Zikri, M. El-Serafi, A. El-Khodary, H. Khaled, and A. Abdel-Wareth, "Chemotherapy in invasive carcinoma of the bladder a review of phase II trials in Egypt", Acta Oncologica, vol. 28, no. 1: Informa Healthcare, pp. 73-76, 1989. AbstractWebsite

Since 1976, a series of phase II studies with screening of various chemotherapeutic agents in invasive bladder cancer have been conducted at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo. Different drugs were screened, one by one, in groups of 20-25 patients with inoperable, metastatic, or recurrent carcinomas. Evaluation was done by clinical bimanual examination, radiography, sonography, cystoscopy, and urine cytology. In these trials bleomycin and doxorubicin were ineffective. Tenoposide, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, and cisplatin had minimal or moderate effect (response rates 4-16% More pronounced effect was found for dibromodulcitol, cyclophosphamide, pentamethylmelamine, etoposide, hexamethylmelamine, ifosfamide, vindesine, vincristine, and epidoxorubicin (response rates 18-60% Some complete responders remained in response for a period of 3-7 years. Drugs seemed to be more effective in metastatic than in local lesions. ©1989 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.

Gad-El-Mawla, N., M. R. Hamza, Z. K. Zikri, M. Elserafi, A. El-Khodari, H. Khaled, and R. Gafaar, "Ifosfamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil: effective combination in resistant breast cancer", Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, vol. 26, no. 1 Supplement: Springer-Verlag, pp. S85-S86, 1990. AbstractWebsite

Ifosfamide has definite efficacy in many malignant tumours, including breast cancer. In the present study we substituted cyclophosphamide with ifosfamide in the combination CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil) regimen in 25 patients with breast cancer whose disease was refractory to CMF or who had relapsed after previous response. Ifosfamide was given in an i.v. infusion at a dose of 1.2 g/m2 daily for 5 days, together with mesna as a uroprotector (at 20% of the ifosfamide dose). Methotrexate was given at a dose of 40 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil was given at 600 mg/m2, both by i.v. push. Courses were repeated every 21 days. The 24 evaluable patients received 3-12 courses (average, 5 courses); results included a complete remission in 3 patients (12.5%) and a partial remission in 3 (12.5%). Among the remaining patients, improvement was seen in 4 (16.6%); stable disease, in 7; and progressive disease, in 7 (29.2%). The complete responses lasted for 11+, 13+, and 15+ months, and partial remissions, for 2, 6, and 9 months. The responses were detected in soft-tissue as well as visceral lesions, but not in bony lesions. The responders remain under follow-up. This study shows the efficacy of ifosfamide-containing chemotherapy in breast cancer. As toxicities were tolerable, higher doses of ifosfamide could safely be used in these patients. Use of this combination as first-line therapy in breast cancer could be considered for a future study. © 1990 Springer-Verlag.

Gad-El-Mawla, N., M. R. Hamza, Z. K. Zikri, M. El-Serafi, A. El-Khodary, H. Khaled, and A. Abdel-Wareth, "Chemotherapy in invasive carcinoma of the bladder [QUIMIOTERAPIA DEL CARCINOMA DE VEJIGA INVASIVO. REVISION DE LOS ENSAYOS DE FASE II EN EGIPTO]", Oncologia, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 235-238, 1990. AbstractWebsite
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Khaled, H. M., M. M. Attia, and A. - R. Nabawi, "Evaluation of in-vitro effects of recombinant human α2 interferon on bilharzial urinary bladder cancer cells", Tumori, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 582-584, 1990. AbstractWebsite
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Gad El Mawla, N., M. A. Mansour, S. Eissa, N. M. Ali, I. Elattar, M. R. Hamza, H. Khaled, N. Habboubi, I. Magrath, and I. Elsebai, "A randomized pilot study of high-dose epirubicin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer of the bilharzial bladder", Annals of Oncology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 137-140, 1991. AbstractWebsite

Seventy-one patients with T2 and T3 bladder cancer were randomized to receive either two courses of epirubicin 120 mg/m2 i.v. push every 21 days pro-operatively, and four additional courses post-operatively (group I = 34 patients), or radical surgery (group 11 = 37 patients). At a median follow-up of 24 months (range 22 months to 38 months) 25 patients from group I and 14 patients from group II are still alive and disease-free. The estimated two-year disease-tree survival percentages were 73.5 and 37.9%, respectively (P = 0.05). After initial chemotherapy, resected specimens were subjected to histopathologieal study of chemotherapeutic effects. Necrosis was detected in 95% of cases with squamous cell carcinoma and in 57.3% of cases with transitional cell carcinoma. We conclude that the benefit which was obtained by pre-operative and post-operative chemotherapy with epirubicin is promising and may represent a significant improvement in the treatment of patients with carcinoma of the bilharzial bladder.

el Mawla, N. G., M. R. Hamza, A. el Khodari, H. Khaled, R. Gaafar, H. el Zawahry, A. abdel Wareth, M. D. Dardir, and N. Habboubi, "A phase II study of epirubicin in breast cancer.", Anti-cancer drugs, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 371-374, 1991. AbstractWebsite

We evaluated the efficacy of epirubicin in a phase II trial in breast cancer, as well as its cardiac toxicity. The study was carried out on 40 female patients with advanced, metastatic, or recurrent breast cancer. The patients were grouped into two groups: group I received 30 mg/m2 epirubicin weekly, and group II 90 mg/m2 epirubicin every 3 weeks. Cardiac monitoring was by ECG, roentgenography, echocardiography and endomyocardial biopsies. Clinical results were 35.3% overall response in group I, and 50% overall response in group II. No untoward cardiac toxicities were encountered. We conclude that epirubicin is an effective agent in breast cancer with relatively little cardiac toxicity.

Richards, M. A., R. E. Coleman, R. Hamsa, H. Khaled, M. Gad El Mawla, I. Kadry, A. Hablas, M. Ramadan, D. Allen, D. Y. Wang, et al., "Advanced breast cancer in Egyptian women: Clinical features and response to endocrine therapy. The Anglo-Egyptian Health Agreement Collaborative Study", European Journal of Surgical Oncology, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 219-223, 1992. AbstractWebsite

Response to endocrine therapy and its relationship to the clinical features of the disease were studied in 84 Egyptian patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Twenty-four premenopausal patients were treated by oophorectomy with or without concurrent prednisolone. Only one of 20 evaluable patients achieved an objective response. Median time to progression for premenopausal patients was 3 months. Sixty postmenopausal patients received tamoxifen 10 mg twice daily either alone or with prednisolone. Fourteen of 57 (25%) evaluable patients achieved an objective response (four complete remission, 10 partial remission). Median duration of response was 13 months and median time to progression for all postmenopausal patients was 5 months (range 1-30 months). The outcome for postmenopausal patients was similar to that found in a parallel study at Guy's Hospital, London. The response rate for premenopausal Egyptian patients was, however, disappointing and lends support to the claim that breast cancer in Egyptian women is particularly aggressive.

Khaled, H. M., "Bladder cancer and bilharziasis today", Cancer Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 65-71, 1993. AbstractWebsite
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