@article {189902,
	title = {Comparative Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of marbofloxacin in geese (Anser Anser domesticus) after two sites of intramuscular administrations.},
	journal = {Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {313-318},
	abstract = {<p>The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin (MAR) was compared in geese (Anser Anser domesticus) after single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) (thigh and pectoral muscles) administrations of 5~mg/kg. Serum concentrations of MAR were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Serum MAR concentrations versus time were analyzed by a noncompartmental method. After IV administration, MAR showed high volume of distribution at steady state (V ) of 5.24~{\textpm}~1.08~L/kg. The serum body clearance (Cl) and elimination half-life (T λz) of MAR were 0.79~{\textpm}~0.07 L~hr ~kg and 6.94~{\textpm}~1.12~hr, respectively. The peak of MAR serum concentrations C achieved at one and 0.50~hr after thigh and pectoral IM sites of injections, respectively, were 1.20 and 0.91~μg/ml. Significant differences were found in the mean absorption time (MAT), the systemic bioavailability (F\%), and elimination parameters of MAR between two sites of injections, indicating that the absorption was fairly slow and complete after thigh IM injection. The pharmacokinetics of MAR in geese diverged according to the site of IM injection following a parallel study design. We recommend the thigh muscle as IM site of injection to obtain maximum concentrations of the administered drug in geese.</p>
},
	author = {Khaled Abo-EL-Sooud and Swielim, Gamal A and Samar M. EL-Gammal and Ramsis, Meray Nabil}
}
