@article {165961, title = {Bovine-like coronaviruses in domestic and wild ruminants}, journal = {Animal Health Research Reviews}, volume = {19}, year = {2018}, pages = {113-124}, abstract = {

Coronaviruses (CoVs) produce a wide spectrum of disease syndromes in different mammalian
and avian host species. These viruses are well-recognized for their ability to change tissue
tropism, to hurdle the interspecies barriers and to adapt ecological variations. It is predicted
that the inherent genetic diversity of CoVs caused by accumulation of point mutations and
high frequency of homologous recombination is the principal determinant of these competences. Several CoVs (e.g. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV, Middle East respiratory
syndrome-CoV) have been recorded to cross the interspecies barrier, inducing different disease conditions in variable animal hosts. Bovine CoV (BCoV) is a primary cause of gastroenteritis and respiratory disease in cattle calves, winter dysentery in lactating cows and
shipping fever pneumonia in feedlot cattle. Although it has long been known as a restrictive
cattle pathogen, CoVs that are closely related to BCoV have been recognized in dogs, humans
and in other ruminant species. Biologic, antigenic and genetic analyses of the so-called
{\textquoteleft}bovine-like CoVs{\textquoteright} proposed classification of these viruses as host-range variants rather
than distinct virus species. In this review, the different bovine-like CoVs that have been identified in domesticated ruminants (water buffalo, sheep, goat, dromedary camel, llama and
alpaca) and wild ruminants (deer, wild cattle, antelopes, giraffes and wild goats) are discussed
in terms of epidemiology, transmission and virus characteristics. The presented data denote
the importance of these viruses in the persistence of BCoV in nature, spread to new geographical zones, and continuous emergence of disease epidemics in cattle farms.

}, attachments = {https://scholar.cu.edu.eg/sites/default/files/hamoamer/files/29-bovine-like_covs-review_2018.pdf}, author = {Amer, HM} }