@article {Mohamed2019315,
	title = {In vitro efficiency of ampicillin, thymol and their combinations against virulence strains of klebsiella pneumoniae},
	journal = {International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research},
	volume = {11},
	number = {3},
	year = {2019},
	note = {<p>cited By 0</p>
},
	pages = {315-321},
	abstract = {<p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogen associated with community and hospital acquired infections.Widespread antimicrobial resistance often limits the availability of therapeutic options to only a very few efficacious antibiotics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the effect of ampicillin/thymol combination against planktonic and biofilm cells of ampicillin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.Activity of ampicillin and thymol on planktonic Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were tested by micro-broth dilution method. Synergistic assay was performed using checkerboard assay as well asmodified disc diffusionmethods.Ampicillin, thymol and the best synergistic combination were tested to eradicate the bacterial biofilm by tissue culture plate (TCP) method which were further confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).High resistance to ampicillin and thymol was detected. The strains affected by combinations differently, but most of them found to enhance ampicillin activity at concentration 64 {\textmu}g/ml when combined with 0.78125 {\textmu}g/ml of thymol. Biofilm eradication activities of ampicillin (64 {\textmu}g/ml) and thymol (0.78125 {\textmu}g/ml) were ranged between 3.258\%- 38.879\% and 15.452\%-55.915\% respectively. Ampicillin/thymol combination eradication activity was ranged from 11.936\% to 68.604\% which then confirmed by SEM.Thymol combination with ampicillin was showed to be a strong in vitro antibacterial agent against biofilm formers Klebsiella pneumoniae. In conclusion more studies and evaluations are in need to validate the use of modified disc diffusion method as a primary screening technique to detect synergy. In future, further studies on natural compounds are in need which may be an option to enhance the other commercial antibiotics. {\textcopyright} 2019, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.</p>
},
	doi = {10.31838/ijpr/2019.11.03.052},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073534240\&doi=10.31838\%2fijpr\%2f2019.11.03.052\&partnerID=40\&md5=ba545803a51270e97aa4c98810cf68cb},
	author = {S. H. Mohamed and Khalil, M. S. and M. Azmy}
}
