A, Z. M., E. E. RA, T. S. A, and E. A. F, "Unilateral congenital glaucoma may be the earliest presenting sign of orbitofacial neurofibromatosis and intracranial lesions: a case series. ", J Egypt Ophthalmol Soc, vol. 112, pp. 137-44, 2019.
Abdelaziz, O., F. Hassan, K. Elessawy, S. Emad-Eldin, and R. E. Essawy, "Image-Guided Percutaneous Bleomycin and Bevacizumab Sclerotherapy of Orbital Lymphatic Malformations in Children.", Cardiovascular and interventional radiology, vol. 42, issue 3, pp. 433-440, 2019. Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of image-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy using bleomycin for macrocystic and bevacizumab (Avastin™) for microcystic orbital lymphatic malformations in children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 2015 and July 2018, we prospectively evaluated 10 pediatric patients who presented clinically and radiologically with lymphatic malformations and were treated with percutaneous sclerotherapy. Patients with venous malformations were excluded. Eight females and two males with ages ranging from 3 to 17 years (mean: 8.8, SD: 4.9) were included. Guided with ultrasound and fluoroscopy, macrocysts were treated with bleomycin instillation. For microcystic components in three patients, bevacizumab was injected intralesional. All patients underwent ultrasound and non-contrast MRI to evaluate response to treatment after 6 weeks.

RESULTS: The malformations were macrocystic in seven patients and complex (macro/microcystic) in three. Twenty sclerotherapy sessions were performed, (range: 1-3 sessions, mean: 2, SD: 0.8). Clinically, there was a significant reduction in the proptosis after treatment (P = 0.007) and dystopia (P = 0.018). The local radiological response showed a reduction in the maximum lesions diameters and volumes after treatment (P = 0.005 and 0.005, respectively). Two of the three patients treated with bevacizumab showed a reduction in the lesions volumes by 90.4% and 63.4%, respectively, whereas one patient did not show volume reduction. Transient periorbital edema and ecchymosis occurred following the procedure with no major complications encountered. Follow-up ranged from 9-33 months, mean: 20.3, SD: 7.4.

CONCLUSION: Bleomycin sclerotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for orbital macrocystic lymphatic malformations. Further use of bevacizumab for microcystic lesions in a larger series is required to outline its efficacy and safety.

Nasr, H. E., R. E. A. Essawy, R. A. Abdelsalam, and A. Z. Soliman, "Fascia Lata Frontalis Sling for Treating Congenital Ptosis: Anatomical and Cosmetic Outcomes in Monotriangular Versus Bitriangular Configuration", Med. J. Cairo Univ. , vol. Vol. 80, No. 2, December, pp. 203-209, 2012.
El Essawy, R. A., and S. H. Abdelbaky, "Successful conjunctival socket expansion in anophthalmic patients until the age of 2 years: an outpatient procedure.", Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), vol. 10, pp. 1743-8, 2016. Abstract

PURPOSE: To report the results of a simple outpatient method for soft tissue socket expansion in young children with congenital anophthalmos.

METHODS: Seventeen congenital anophthalmic sockets of 15 infants of a mean age of 4.2±4.4 months were fitted with specially designed serial solid acrylic shapes or hydrogel expanders using cyanoacrylate for eyelids closure when using the latter.

RESULTS: At the age of 2 years, the mean horizontal eyelid length increased from a mean of 11.6±4.5 to 19.4±4.6 mm and the volume of the last expander from a mean of 0.6±0.2 to 2.0±0.3 cm(2). The specially designed acrylic shapes could be a substitute to the custom-made molds, which require general anesthesia.

CONCLUSION: Successful increase in the horizontal eyelid length as well as the conjunctival socket volume could be achieved by a simple outpatient procedure without the need for repeated hospitalization and general anesthesia in these infants.

EA, E., E. E. RA, A. SH, and I. YM, "Pushed monocanalicular intubation versus probing as a primary management for congenital nasolacrimal obstruction. ", Clin Ophthalmol, vol. Sep 7, issue 10, pp. 1487-93, 2016.
R, E. E., and E. M, "Clinical and demographic characteristics of ptosis in children :A national tertiary hospital study", Eur J Ophthalmol, vol. 23(3), pp. 356-60, 2013.
R, E. E., G. R, and A. S, "Nonselective β- blocker propranolol for orbital and periorbital hemangiomas in infants : a new first-line of treatment ? ", Clinical Opthalmology, vol. 5, pp. 1639-1644, 2011.