Mansor, M., A. Rabie, F. Abd-Elhafiz, R. Salam, M. Fathy, and A. A. Abdellatif, "Testing for Primary Hyperaldosteronism in Resistant Essential Hypertensive Patients", Testing for Primary Hyperaldosteronism in Resistant Essential Hypertensive Patients, vol. 2, issue 1, pp. 1-6, 2024.
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Shennawy, A. M., H. W. Z. Hanna, S. Raed, R. Salam, and S. Ayman, "Value of serum osteoprotegerin in the assessment of endothelial dysfunction in obesity", The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 1, issue 2, pp. 36-39, 2024.
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Hanna, H. W. Z., R. Salam, M. M. Youssef, R. Abd El Aziz, and M. Saeed, "Cardiac Troponin-I and COVID-19: a prognostic tool for in-hospital mortality", Alexandria Journal of Medicine, vol. 59, issue 1, pp. 59-67, 2023.
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Elshinshawy, S., H. E. Haddad, S. A. Alem, O. Shaker, R. Salam, A. Yosry, and I. Elebrashy, "The Interrelation Between Hypothyroidism and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, a Cross-sectional Study", J CLIN EXP HEPATOL, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 638-648, 2023.
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Hanna, H. W. Z., C. Rizzo, R. M. AbdelHalim, H. E. El Haddad, R. Salam, and H. El-Sayed Abou-Youssef, "Vitamin D status in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and its association with vitamin D receptor genetic variants.", The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, vol. 212, pp. 105922, 2021. Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is considered the predominant cause of hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient countries. The deficiency of 25-OH-vitamin D3 serum level and the variation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene were implicated in a number of autoimmune disorders. This study aimed to test the hypothesis linking between VDR FokI and BsmI variants and HT, in addition to explain their impact on 25-OH-vitamin D3 serum level.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross sectional study included 160 hypothyroid subjects, 112 patients with HT and 48 hypothyroid non-HT controls. They were diagnosed based on anti-TPO Ab and or anti-TG Ab results. All cases were subjected to full history taking, thyroid ultrasound examination and a panel of assays (TSH, f.T3, f.T4, anti-TPO Ab, anti-TG Ab, calcium, alkaline phosphatase and phosphate). Serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 was assayed using HPLC-UV method. VDR variants (FokI and BsmI) were genotyped using real-time PCR.

RESULTS: FokI AA genotype was statistically higher in HT patients than control group (P value = 0.02) with subsequently higher serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 level in comparison to all other genotypes (P value = 0.039). Serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 level was statistically indifferent between HT and control group (P value = 0.223). A statistically significant increase in total thyroid volume was observed in HT group (P value = 0.002).

CONCLUSION: FokI AA genotype is more associated with HT in Egyptian patients compared to hypothyroid non-HT controls. Moreover, patients with FokI AA genotype have statistically higher levels of 25-OH-vitamin D3 suggesting VDR dysfunction even in patients expressing normal level of vitamin D.

Morgan, M. F., R. F. Salam, N. H. Rady, A. R. L. R. Alnaggar, S. H. Ammar, and N. S. Ghanem, "The association of Transcription factor 7 like 2 Gene polymorphism withDiabetic nephropathy in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus", Current Diabetes Reviews, vol. 16, issue 6, pp. 370-375, 2020.
Salam, R. F., N. M. Khalil, A. R. Alnaggar, O. Mohamady, A. Maher, and L. A. Rashid, "Role of syndecan-1 (CD138) in Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients with lupus nephritis: Relation to disease activity", The Egyptian Rheumatologist, vol. 41, issue 1, pp. 289–294, 2019. syndacane_1.pdf
nehal hamdy, R. F. Salam, and nagwa abd elgafar, "Mast cell, a new player in type 2 diabetes", kasr al aini medical journal, vol. 24, issue 2, pp. 59-64, 2018. kasralainymedj24259-5251536_143515.pdf
Mandour, I., R. Darwish, R. Fayez, mervat naguib, and S. El-Sayegh, "TCF7L2 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, A Pilot Study", Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal, vol. 11, issue 2, pp. 1043-1049, 2018.