Publications in the Year: 2020

Journal Article

Habeeb TH, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Yehia RS, Khalil AMA, Saleh AM, Abdelgawad H.  2020.  {Interactive Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Elevated CO 2 on Growth and Functional Food Value of Thymus vulgare}. Journal of Fungi. 6:1–14. Abstract
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Hozzein WN, Saleh AM, Habeeb TH, Wadaan MAM, AbdElgawad H.  2020.  {CO2 treatment improves the hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties of fenugreek seeds}. Food Chemistry. 308:125661. AbstractWebsite
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Warrad M, Hassan Y, Mohamed M, Hagagy N, Al-Maghrabi O, Selim S, Saleh A, AbdElgawad H.  2020.  {A bioactive fraction from Streptomyces sp. enhances maize tolerance against drought stress}. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 30:1156–1168. Abstract

Drought stress is known to threaten the growth and productivity of many economical crops. Therefore, it is necessary to establish innovative and efficient approaches for improving crop growth and productivity. In the current study, we investigated the potentials of the cell-free extract of actinobacteria (Ac) isolated from a semi-arid habitat (Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia) to recover the reduction in maize growth and improve the physiology stress induced by drought. Three Ac isolates screened for production of secondary metabolites, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, the isolate Ac3 revealed the highest levels of flavonoids, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities beside its abilities to produce siderophores and phytohormones. Based on seed germination experiment, the selected bioactive fraction of Ac3 cell-free extract (F2.7), increased the growth and photosynthesis rate under drought stress. Moreover, F2.7 application significantly alleviated drought stress-induced increases in H2O2, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and proteins oxidation (Protein carbonyls). It also increased total antioxidant power and molecular antioxidants levels (total ascorbate, glutathione and tocopherols). F2.7 improved the primary metabolism of stressed maize plants, for instances it increased several individuals of sugars, amino acids, organic acid and fatty acids. Interestingly, to reduce stress impact, it accumulated some compatible solutes, such as total soluble sugars, sucrose and proline. Hence, this comprehensive assessment recommends the potentials of actinobacterial cell-free extract as an alternative ecofriendly approach to improve the growth and the quality of crops under water deficit conditions.
Madany MMY, Obaid WA, Hozien W, AbdElgawad H, Hamed BA, Saleh AM.  2020.  {Salicylic acid confers resistance against broomrape in tomato through modulation of C and N metabolism}. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 147:322–335. Abstract
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Saleh AM, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Hassan AR, Habeeb TH, Yehia RS, AbdElgawad H.  2020.  {Global metabolic changes induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in oregano plants grown under ambient and elevated levels of atmospheric CO2}. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 151:255–263. AbstractWebsite
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AbdElgawad H, Hassan YM, Alotaibi MO, Mohammed AE, Saleh AM.  2020.  {C3 and C4 plant systems respond differently to the concurrent challenges of mercuric oxide nanoparticles and future climate CO2}. Science of The Total Environment. 749:142356. AbstractWebsite
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Khamis G, Saleh AM, Habeeb TH, Hozzein WN, Wadaan MAM, Papenbrock J, AbdElgawad H.  2020.  {Provenance effect on bioactive phytochemicals and nutritional and health benefits of the desert date Balanites aegyptiaca}. Journal of Food Biochemistry. :1–13. Abstract

Balanites aegyptiaca L. is a multipurpose tree distributed in Africa and Middle East. Several parts of B. aegyptiaca have been suggested to have medicinal uses. So far the effect of ecological origin on the nutritional values and biological activities of B. aegyptiaca genotypes is rarely investigated. Further, metabolic profiling and assessment of the functional food value of B. aegyptiaca leaves are far from complete. In this study, biological activities and profiling of primary and secondary metabolites were investigated in the leaves of five B. aegyptiaca provenances collected from Egypt, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. Interestingly, all provenances showed notable antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed significant variability in the concentrations of individual sugars, organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, phenolics, and minerals among the provenances and these variations were provenance dependent. Medina provenance showed the heights diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and antifungal activities and was the most powerful against embryonic kidney adenocarcinoma and urinary bladder carcinoma cells. The highest inhibition against Escherichia coli and colon carcinoma cells was observed by Sudan and Cairo provenances. El-Kharga and Yemen provenances showed the greatest activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and hepatocellular and urinary bladder carcinoma. Therefore, leaves of B. aegyptiaca possess good nutritive and biological capacities and might have potential applications in the food and medical industries. However, the strength of such activities is significantly affected by the provenance. Practical applications: According to the national Research Council (NRC) of United States, Balanites aegyptiaca L. is recognized among the 24 priority lost crops of Africa. B. aegyptiaca leaves contain considerable amounts of primary metabolites (e.g., sugars, EAAs, USFAs) and secondary (e.g., phenolic acids and flavonoids) metabolites, vitamins, and macro and microelements. The obvious existence of these nutritionally and medicinally related compounds supports the functional food value of B. aegyptiaca leaves. Moreover, the present results revealed that B. aegyptiaca is not only a foliage dietary plant, but also could be considered as a valuable source for neutraceuticals, which support its pharmacological value. So far, this is the first report to explore, in detail, the functional food value of B. aegyptiaca leaves by presenting a clear image about its metabolic profiling and biological activities, and how the provenance factor could affect these values.
Gashgari R, Selim S, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Warrad M, Habeeb TH, Saleh AM, AbdElgawad H.  2020.  {Arbuscular mycorrhizae induce a global metabolic change and improve the nutritional and health benefits of pennyroyal and parsley}. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 42:1–11. AbstractWebsite

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the potential use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Rhizophagus irregularis, as an innovative cultivation procedure to improve the production and quality of two medicinal plants, pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium), and parsley (Petroselinum hortense). We elucidated the impact of AMF on soil properties and growth and metabolic profiling of pennyroyal and parsley. AMF treatment improved the availability of essential elements and phenols in the rhizospheric soil. Plant biomass production and photosynthetic rate were improved. We also recorded improved primary and secondary metabolism, where the levels of most of the detected soluble and insoluble sugars, organic acids, essential (isoleucine and valine), and non-essential (glutamine, alanine, and cysteine) amino acids, fatty acids (especially unsaturated fatty acids), phenolic acids, and flavonoids were increased. Overall, this study supports the use of AMF in the artificial cultivation, as an alternative to the chemical fertilizers, for the production of high-quality medicinal plants with enhanced levels of bioactive compounds. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Madany MMY, Saleh AM, Habeeb TH, Hozzein WN, AbdElgawad H.  2020.  {Silicon dioxide nanoparticles alleviate the threats of broomrape infection in tomato by inducing cell wall fortification and modulating ROS homeostasis}. Environmental Science: Nano. 7:1415–1430. Abstract

An infographic diagram that summarizes the influence of SiNP-seed priming upon tomato plants under Orobanche infection conditions. GRW: growth, PHO: photosynthesis, NEAO: non-enzymatic antioxidants, ASE: antioxidant-scavenging enzymes. Infestation by parasitic weeds is one of the most important environmental challenges threatening cropping systems worldwide. Among these, branched broomrape ( Orobanche ramosa ), a root holoparasitic weed, detrimentally affects many crops especially tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) and causes severe crop losses. The positive role of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) in the growth and yield of plants grown under stressful conditions has been reported. However, no study has investigated the impact of SiNPs on plant–weed interaction. In this study, we conducted a green-house experiment to assess the physiological implications of SiNPs on tomato under the Orobanche challenge. Orobanche infection alone markedly inhibited tomato growth and photosynthesis ( P < 0.0001) and induced oxidative damage via increased photorespiration ( P < 0.0001) and NADPH oxidase activities ( P < 0.01). Interestingly, SiNPs significantly reduced the infection severity by reducing both the number and biomass of Orobanche tubercles (13 and 31% decrease, respectively). Moreover, SiNPs dramatically ameliorated the physiological and biochemical disorders imposed by Orobanche in tomato. Consistently, SiNPs strengthened the cell wall of host roots by upregulating lignin biosynthesis that acts as a physical barrier against tubercle haustorial penetration. On the other hand, SiNPs caused a noticeable decrease in ROS production and improved both enzymatic and non-enzymatic detoxification systems, the thing that was more pronounced in roots than in shoots of infected tomato plants. Such organ-specific responses were confirmed by cluster analysis. Overall, this study suggests that tomato plants treated with SiNPs will be more tolerant to Orobanche infection through enhanced structural and metabolic responses.
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