Aboul Ella Hassanien (Abo)

Pairwise global sequence alignment is a vital process for finding functional and evolutionary similarity between biological sequences. The main usage of it is searching biological databases for finding the origin of unknown sequence. The standard global alignment based on dynamic programming approach which produces the accurate alignment but with extensive execution time. In this paper, Sine-Cosine optimization algorithm was used for accelerating pairwise global alignment with alignment score near one produced by dynamic programming alignment. The reason for using Sine-Cosine optimization is its excellent exploration of the search space. The developed technique was tested on human and mouse protein sequences and its success for finding alignment similarity 75% of that produced by standard technique.

Optimization algorithms are necessary to solve many problems such as parameter tuning. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is one of these optimization algorithms. The aim of PSO is to search for the optimal solution in the search space. This paper highlights the basic background needed to understand and implement the PSO algorithm. This paper starts with basic definitions of the PSO algorithm and how the particles are moved in the search space to find the optimal or near optimal solution. Moreover, a numerical example is illustrated to show how the particles are moved in a convex optimization problem. Another numerical example is illustrated to show how the PSO trapped in a local minima problem. Two experiments are conducted to show how the PSO searches for the optimal parameters in one-dimensional and two-dimensional spaces to solve machine learning problems.

Due to the gradual expansion in data volume used in social networks and cloud computing, the term “Big data” has appeared with its challenges to store the immense datasets. Many tools and algorithms appeared to handle the challenges of storing big data. NoSQL databases, such as Cassandra and MongoDB, are designed with a novel data management system that can handle and process huge volumes of data. Partitioning data in NoSQL databases is considered one of the critical challenges in database design. In this paper, a MapReduce Rendezvous Hashing-Based Virtual Hierarchies (MR-RHVH) framework is proposed for scalable partitioning of Cassandra NoSQL database. The MapReduce framework is used to implement MR-RHVH on Cassandra to enhance its performance in highly distributed environments. MR-RHVH distributes the nodes to rendezvous regions based on a proposed Adopted Virtual Hierarchies strategy. Each region is responsible for a set of nodes. In addition, a proposed bloom filter evaluator is used to ensure the accurate allocation of keys to nodes in each region. Moreover, a number of experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of MR-RHVH framework, using YCSB for database benchmarking. The results show high scalability rate and less time consuming for MR-RHVH framework over different recent systems.

The use of patterns in predictive models has received a lot of attention in recent years. This paper presents a pattern-based classification model which extracts the patterns that have similarity among all objects in a specific class. This introduced model handles the problem of the dependence on a user-defined threshold that appears in the pattern-based subspace clustering. The experimental results obtained, show that the overall pattern-based classification accuracy is high compared with other machine learning techniques including Support vector machine, Bayesian Network, multi-layer perception and decision trees.

Pervasive computing (also referred to as ubiquitous computing or ambient intelligence) aims to create environments where computers are invisibly and seamlessly integrated and connected into our everyday environment. Pervasive computing and intelligent multimedia technologies are becoming increasingly important, although many potential applications have not yet been fully realized. These key technologies are creating a multimedia revolution that will have significant impact across a wide spectrum of consumer, business, healthcare, and governmental domains.

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The using of solar energy has been increased since it is a clean source of energy. In this way, the design of photovoltaic cells has attracted the attention of researchers over the world. There are two main problems in this field: having a useful model to characterize the solar cells and the absence of data about photovoltaic cells. This situation even affects the performance of the photovoltaic modules (panels). The characteristics of the current vs. voltage are used to describe the behavior of solar cells. Considering such values, the design problem involves the solution of the complex non-linear and multi-modal objective functions. Different algorithms have been proposed to identify the parameters of the photovoltaic cells and panels. Most of them commonly fail in finding the optimal solutions. This paper proposes the Chaotic Whale Optimization Algorithm (CWOA) for the parameters estimation of solar cells. The main advantage of the proposed approach is using the chaotic maps to compute and automatically adapt the internal parameters of the optimization algorithm. This situation is beneficial in complex problems, because along the iterative process, the proposed algorithm improves their capabilities to search for the best solution. The modified method is able to optimize complex and multimodal objective functions. For example, the function for the estimation of parameters of solar cells. To illustrate the capabilities of the proposed algorithm in the solar cell design, it is compared with other optimization methods over different datasets. Moreover, the experimental results support the improved performance of the proposed approach regarding accuracy and robustness.

In this paper, a plant identification approach using 2D digital leaves images is proposed. The approach made use of two methods of features extraction (one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) techniques) and the Bagging classifier. For the 1D-based method, PCA and LDA techniques were applied, while 2D-PCA and 2D-LDA algorithms were used for the 2D-based method. To classify the extracted features in both methods, the Bagging classifier, with the decision tree as a weak learner, was used. The proposed approach, with its four feature extraction techniques, was tested using Flavia dataset which consists of 1907 colored leaves images. The experimental results showed that the accuracy and the performance of our approach, with the 2D-PCA and 2D-LDA, was much better than using the PCA and LDA. Furthermore, it was proven that the 2D-LDA-based method gave the best plant identification accuracy and increasing the weak learners of the Bagging classifier leaded to a better accuracy. Also, a comparison with the most related work showed that our approach achieved better accuracy under the same dataset and same experimental setup.