Mohamed Zaki

One of the principal drawbacks of antimonial therapy in schistosomiasis has been the prevalence of annoying, and sometimes dangerous, side-effects. The adjuvant administration of chelating agents offers a possible solution to this problem, providing this can be achieved without appreciably decreasing the therapeutic effect of the drug.The authors found that the chelating agent penicillamine lowered the toxicity of tartar emetic for mice and hamsters without affecting the tissue uptake of antimony. When administered in a similar manner to hamsters infected with Schistosoma mansoni there was no effect on the uptake of antimony by the parasites, or on the cure rate. This suggests a potential usefulness of penicillamine in antimony therapy.

One of the principal drawbacks of antimonial therapy in schistosomiasis has been the prevalence of annoying, and sometimes dangerous, side-effects. The adjuvant administration of chelating agents offers a possible solution to this problem, providing this can be achieved without appreciably decreasing the therapeutic effect of the drug.The authors found that the chelating agent penicillamine lowered the toxicity of tartar emetic for mice and hamsters without affecting the tissue uptake of antimony. When administered in a similar manner to hamsters infected with Schistosoma mansoni there was no effect on the uptake of antimony by the parasites, or on the cure rate. This suggests a potential usefulness of penicillamine in antimony therapy.

One of the principal drawbacks of antimonial therapy in schistosomiasis has been the prevalence of annoying, and sometimes dangerous, side-effects. The adjuvant administration of chelating agents offers a possible solution to this problem, providing this can be achieved without appreciably decreasing the therapeutic effect of the drug.The authors found that the chelating agent penicillamine lowered the toxicity of tartar emetic for mice and hamsters without affecting the tissue uptake of antimony. When administered in a similar manner to hamsters infected with Schistosoma mansoni there was no effect on the uptake of antimony by the parasites, or on the cure rate. This suggests a potential usefulness of penicillamine in antimony therapy.

Zusammenfassung
In den letzten zwei Jahren wurden 250 Fälle von Kopfpilzerkrankungen mykologisch untersucht. In 172 Fällen konnte der Erreger kulturell nachgewiesen werden. In 92 Fällen (53,3%) wurde Trichophyton violaceum isoliert, in 46 Fällen (26,7%) war Trichophyton schoenleinii der Erreger, in 32 Fällen (18,8%) Microsporum canis. Trichophyton mentagrophytes und Trichophyton tonsurans wurden je einmal isoliert. Microsporum audouinii wurde nicht angetroffen.

Aus einer Übersicht über die Literatur ergibt sich, daß Trichophyton violaceum der häufigste Erreger der Kopfpilzerkrankungen in Ägypten ist.

ABSTRACTThe article focuses on a paper entitled "A Comparative of Wool Characteristics of Two Merino Breeds Under Semi-arid Conditions," by M. A. Sharafeldin. The purpose of the investigation depicted in this paper was to compare the wool characteristics of the Caucasian merino sheep with those of the Fleisch merino under their new semi-arid environmental conditions. Tests made on wool from 157 Fleisch merino and 72 Caucasian merino showed that the Fleisch merino had a lower greasy-fleece weight, longer staple and fiber lengths, a higher number of crimps, coarser fibers, and higher strength and extensibility than the Caucasian merino.

BEFORE one considers the relationships between responses to exogenous ACTH or glucocorticoid administration and responses to environmental stimuli, it is important to consider whether birds from varying genetic backgrounds respond similarly to these exogenous materials.

Thiessen and Nealy (1962), using eosinophil count and adrenal weight as response criteria to handling stress, reported that the pattern of response for one of five inbred strains of mice could not be used to predict the pattern for the others. Highly significant differences in changes of plasma corticosterone levels resulting from electric shock treatments were found among four inbred mouse strains by Levine and Treiman (1964).

Genetic differences in thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism (El-Ibiary and Shaffner, 1951; Shaklee and Shaffner, 1955), and in assay sensitivity to gonadotropins (Siegel and Siegel, 1964a, b) have been observed; however, little has been reported concerning genetic influences upon the response of the avian pituitary-adrenal cortical system to exogenous hormone stimulation. . . .

names are not neutral, simple handles on things, but conceptual instruments by which we create an organised picture of the world. Names create understanding, and it is againstthe background of the organised picture of the world already given to us by language and culture that theorisation begins. (Hillier 1996:70).
It is the relations between different elements of language which constitute the meaning of signs.

ALL schistosomicidal drugs eventually cause a change of location or ‘shift’ of the worms from the mesenteric veins, where they are normally found in infected animals, into the liver. There the parasites ultimately die and are ensheathed and phagocytosed by the protective mechanisms of the host. These worm migrations may be very rapid in onset and short in duration, as occurs with antimonials1; or they may be slow in onset and permanent in duration, as occurs with diphenoxyalkanes2. Various other schistosomicidal drugs produce ‘hepatic shifts’ with intermediate characteristics. The cause of the worm migrations differs with the different drugs, but essentially it results in paralysis of the worms which are thereafter swept back by the blood stream into the liver. Where the course of treatment is inadequate, the parasites regain their muscle control and return to the mesenteric veins.