Mohamed Zaki

Introduction: Both anxiety and depression are common symptoms or disorders with a major impact on public health. There are several theories concerning potential associations between depression and levels of vitamin B12 and folate. Vitamin B12 and folate are connected with the synthesis of monoamines and are involved in single carbon transfer methylation reactions connected with the production of monoamine neurotransmitters.
Aim of the study: To investigate the relationship between depression and other components of 1-carbon metabolism such as vitamin B12, folate, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C T polymorphism. To compare the associations between folate, vitamin B12, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C T polymorphism, in anxiety and depression.
Subjects and methods: After taking consent from ethical committee in kasr El Eini hospital, 90 subjects were randomly selected in a comparative cross sectional study. The sample consists of three groups: a group of depressive disorders without psychotic symptoms (n=30), a group of anxiety disorders (n=30) and control group (n=30). The patients were recruited from psychiatric out- patient clinic. Patients were diagnosed by lecturer of psychiatry according to DSMIV (APA, 1994) criteria. Psychometric procedure: Beck depression Inventory for severity of depression, Hamilton rating scale of depression (HRSD), Hamilton rating scale of anxiety (HRSA). Laboratory: Simultaneous assay of vitamin B12 and folic acid by Radio-immune assay technique and analysis of SNP of MTHFR (C677T) by means of PCR and RFLP.
Results: Both anxiety and depression groups has the same percentage of gene mutation (33.3%). Folic acid and Vitamin B 12 mean values were highest in control group followed by the anxiety group then the least was in depression. Within the depression group there is a negative correlation between the severity of depression and folic acid. Within the depression group, patients with mutant gene have lower level of both Folic acid and Vitamin B12 than patients with non mutant gene. Within the Anxiety group, patients with mutant gene have lower level of both Folic acid and Vitamin B12 than patients with non mutant gene. Conclusion: Folic acid and Vitamin B12 were lower than normal in both anxiety and depression patients and this was combined with gene mutation.
Key Words: Vitamin B12, Folic acid, Depression, anxiety
Eating disorders in a sample of Egyptian women with bipolar I disorder

Two cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (CZ) microsized graphite selective sensors were investigated with dibutylsebacate as a plasticizer in a polymeric matrix of carboxylated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-COOH) in the case of sensor 1, based on the interaction between the drug and the dissociated COOH groups in the PVC-COOH. Sensor 2 was based on the interaction between the drug and ammonium reineckate, which acted as anionic electroactive material in the presence of polyvinyl chloride matrix. The two sensors were constructed by using 2-hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin as an ionophore, which has a significant influence on increasing the membrane sensitivity and selectivity of both sensors. Fast and stable Nernstian responses of 1 × 10–5–1 × 10–2 and 1 × 10–4–1 × 10–2 M for the two sensors, respectively, with slopes of 58.6 and 55.5 mV/decade, respectively, over the pH range 2–4 were obtained. The proposed method displayed useful analytical characteristics for determination of CZ in its pure powder form with average recoveries 99.95 ± 0.23 and 99.61 ± 0.34% for sensors 1 and 2, respectively, and in plasma with good recoveries. The sensors were also used to determine the intact drug in the presence of its degradate and, thus, could be used as stability-indicating methods. The obtained results by the proposed methods were statistically analyzed and compared with those obtained by the U.S. Pharmacopeia method; no significant difference for either accuracy or precision was observed. Results obtained with the two electrodes revealed their performance characteristics, which were evaluated according to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry recommendations.

Two cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (CZ) microsized graphite selective sensors wereinvestigated with dibutylsebacate as a plasticizer in a polymeric matrix of carboxylated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-COOH) in the case of sensor 1, based on the interaction between the drug and the dissociated COOH groups in the PVC-COOH. Sensor 2 was based on the interaction between the drug and ammonium reineckate, which acted as anionic electroactive material in the presence of polyvinyl chloride matrix.

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for patients surviving the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm.

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