NY, A. H., Mohamed GH, E. A, A. M, and R. A. Imam, "IGF 1, BDNF, and NGF mediate the neuro-modulatory role of stem cells in acrylamide-induced hippocampal toxic changes in rats", Folia Morphologica, vol. 84, issue 2, pp. 328–341, 2025. ACR stem cells
Imam, R. A. N., F. E. Hassan, I. H. Ali, M. A. Alghamdi, and B. E. Aboulhoda, "Effect of Selenium nanoparticles on Paraquat-induced-neuroinflammation and oligodendocyte modulation: Implication of the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway.", Tissue & cell, vol. 89, pp. 102454, 2024. Abstract

BACKGROUND: Paraquat (PQ), is an extensively used herbicide and is a well-established powerful neurotoxin. However, the mechanism underlying its neurotoxicity still needs further investigation.

AIM OF WORK: The study investigated the pathogenesis of PQ-induced neuroinflammation of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPC) and cerebellum and evaluated the potential effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeN) against such neurotoxicity.

METHODS: Thirty-six mice were randomly divided into three groups; Control group, PQ group: mice received PQ 10 mg/kg (i.p), and PQ + SeN group; mice received PQ in addition to oral SeN 0.1 mg/kg. All regimens were administered for 14 days. The mice's brains were processed for biochemical, molecular, histological, and immune-histochemical assessment.

RESULTS: SeN increased the SNPC and cerebellum antioxidants (reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase 1) while decreasing malondialdehyde concentration. Also, SeN increased the anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 and decreased the pro-inflammatory IL-1β and -6 along with improving the angiogenic nitric oxide and reducing caspase-1. Further, western blots of phosphorylated Janus kinase (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3) proteins showed a significant decline. Those improving effects of SeN on SNPC, and cerebellum were supported by the significantly preserved dopaminergic and Purkinje neurons, the enhanced myelin fibers on Luxol fast blue staining, and the marked increase in Olig-2, Platelet-derived growth factor-alpha, and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity.

CONCLUSION: SeN could mitigate PQ-induced neurotoxicity via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties.

Imam, R. E. N. A., B. E. Aboulhoda, M. M. Amer, F. E. Hassan, M. A. Alghamdi, and M. R. Abdel-Hamed, "Role of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and telocyte modulation in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A closer look at the structural level.", Microscopy research and technique, vol. 87, issue 7, pp. 1598-1614, 2024. Abstract

Cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (Dox) is a major complication in cancer patients. Exosomes (Ex) derived from mesenchymal cells could be a promising therapeutic for various heart diseases. This study investigated the role of Ex in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and its mechanistic insights, using Sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) as a reference drug widely recommended in heart failure management. The study involved 24 Wistar rats, divided into a control, Dox, Dox + S/V, and Dox + Ex groups. The rats were assessed for cardiac enzymes, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Immunohistochemical expression of caspase-1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NrF2), E-Cadherin, CD117/c-kit, and Platelet-derived growth factor-α (PDGFα) was evaluated. P53 and Annexin V were assessed by PCR. Histological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red stains. Ex ameliorated the adverse cardiac pathological changes and significantly decreased the cardiac enzymes and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Ex also exerted antifibrotic and antiapoptotic effect in heart tissue. Ex treatment also improved NrF2 immunohistochemistry, up-regulated E-Cadherin immune expression, and restored the telocyte markers CD117/c-kit and PDGFα. Ex can mitigate Dox-induced cardiotoxicity by acting as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic agents, restoring telocytes and modulating epithelial mesenchymal transition. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Exosomes exhibit positive expression for CD90 and CD105 whereas showing -ve expression for CD 34 by flow cytometry. Exosomes restore the immunohistochemical expression of the telocytes markers CD117/c-kit and PDGFα. Exosomes alleviate myocardial apoptosis, oxidative stress and fibrosis.

Imam, R. A., and M. R. Abdel-Hamed, "Vitamin D3 promotes oligodendrogenesis and modulates synucleinopathy in lead-induced nigral pars compacta neurotoxicity in rats", Folia Morphologica, vol. 82, issue 1, pp. 42–52, 2023.
Imam, R. A., B. E. Aboulhoda, N. R. Abdallah, A. G. Aboulkhair, A. E. F, A. M. Badr, M. A. Alghamdi, Al Badawi, E. A, S. A. Morsy, F. Hassan, et al., "Exosomes Extracted from Adipose Tissue Stem Cells Alleviate Rotenone-Induced Nigrostriatal Neuro-Degeneration, Glial Cell Activation, Synucleinopathy and Motor Incoordination via Modulation of Autophagy/MiRNA7/MiRNA21", J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents, vol. 37, issue 12, pp. 6891–6910, 2023.
Imam, R. A., A. G. Motawie, and A. W. A. Algaleel, "Cadmium-induced adrenal cortical autophagy in rats: possible modulation by sildenafil", Folia Morphologica, vol. Vol. 79, issue 4, pp. 709–719, 2020. final_camium_adrena_published_research.pdf
SM, Z., A. WAA, I. RA, Soliman GF, and G. FM, "Nano‑curcumin versus curcumin in amelioration of deltamethrin‑induced hippocampal damage", Histochemistry and Cell Biology (2020), vol. 154, issue 2, pp. 157–175, 2020.
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Zaki, S. M., W. A. A. Algaleel, R. A. Imam, and M. M. Abdelmoaty, "Mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with platelet-rich plasma modulate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity", Human and Experimental Toxicology, vol. 38, issue 7, pp. 857–874, 2019.
Imam, R. A., and H. N. Gadallah, "Acrylamide Adverse Cerebellar Changes in Rats: Possible Oligodendrogenic Effect of Omega 3 and Green Tea", Folia Morphologica, vol. 78, issue 3, pp. 564-574, 2019.