Ateia, E. E., S. Fouad, and A. T. Mohamed, "Characterization of spinel ferrite nano composites: from synthesis to applications", Applied Physics A , vol. 131, issue 980, pp. 1-15, 2025. characterization_of_spinel_ferrite_nano_composites.pdf
Hussein, M. S., E. E. Ateia, A. Nofal, and M. A. Morsy, Impact of friction stir welding on the mechanical and microstructural properties of austempered ductile iron and mild steel joints, , vol. 9, pp. 100154, 2025. AbstractWebsite

This study investigates the dissimilar welding of Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) with mild steel by using friction stir welding (FSW). Both materials are widely utilized in many fields owing to the exceptional properties and relatively competitive costs. However, joining two materials with different chemical and mechanical properties presents significant challenges. After many modifications in FSW parameters, a successful butt-joint was achieved by fixing the ADI in the retreating side (RS) and mild steel in the advancing side (AS), using rotational speed 800 RPM and travelling speed 50 mm/min. These parameters have resulted a well-formed stir zone (SZ) and thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) without grooves or cracks. The microstructure of the weld regions exhibited deformation of graphite nodules into strips and mainly martensitic structure at SZ, but no carbide phases or cracks were observed in the SZ. The analysis of the as-welded samples showed that the maximum microhardness values are 590 HV and 406 HV at the SZ and TMAZ respectively, and the tensile strength is 350 MPa when fractured at AS-TMAZ. Post-weld tempering at 370°C for 1 hour has resulted a formation of tempered martensite at the SZ, and an obvious reduction in the microhardness values to 395 HV at SZ and 350 HV at TMAZ. The tensile strength has slightly improved and fractured at the mild steel base metal. These results demonstrate a successful joining of ADI and mild steel using FSW.

Ateia, E. E., O. Rabie, and A. T. Mohamed, Magneto-fluorescent core–shell Sr0.8La0.2Fe11CuO19 @ CQDs for the detection of metal ions, , vol. 678, pp. 161123, 2024. AbstractWebsite

The fabrication of a sensor based on a core–shell structure of Sr0.8La0.2Fe11CuO19 @ CQDs was effectively achieved through the combination of high quantum yield carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with La-Cu doped M−type strontium hexaferrites (SLFCO HF). The structural, morphological, and spectroscopic information of the as-synthesized samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy. The magnetic properties were tested using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. HR-TEM confirmed the formation of a hexagonal core–shell sample at the nanoscale. Based on photoluminescence (PL) spectra and the CIE chromaticity map, the parent sample and core–shell structure of SLFCO/CQDs were found to have color coordinates corresponding to yellow-green emission. It was found that the core–shell sample has an increased light-absorption capacity, low photogenerated electron-hole recombination, high coercivity, small crystallite size, and showed good sensitivity towards the detection of Zn2+, Cd2+, and K+ ions. A high efficiency in detecting potassium (K+) ions with a limit of detection (LOD) of 15 ppm was observed. Moreover, the distinctive magnetism of CQDs @ SLFCO aided in the collection and recycling of the sensor.

Ateia, E. E., D. Gawad, and M. M. Arman, "Core-shell nanomaterials based on La2FeCrO6 coated with metal oxides for optical applications", Physica Scripta, vol. 99, issue 11: IOP Publishing, pp. 115933, 2024. AbstractWebsite

In this research work, the preparation of core/shell nanoparticles comprising La2FeCrO6 (LFCO) as the core was accompanied by the choice of ZnO and CuO as different shells. Structural and optical characteristics were investigated for the LFCO (core) relative to La2FeCrO6/ZnO and La2FeCrO6/CuO core/shell NPs. x-ray diffraction analyses reveal the conformation of core/shell structures within average crystallite sizes of 22.46 nm and 25.03 nm. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed to provide fundamental information about the vibrational modes and the functional groups of core/shell NPs, respectively. x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) detects the electronic states of the constituent elements of the core/shell nanostructures, including lanthanum, iron, chromium, oxygen, zinc, and copper. Optical characteristics have been extensively analyzed using UV spectroscopy. The energy gap (Eg) was determined by utilizing both Tauc and Derivation of Absorbance Spectrum Fitting (DASF) methods. LFCO/ZnO and LFCO/CuO core/shell NPs exhibit a direct optical transition, similar to that of the core LFCO NPs, with a decrease in band gap value from 3.4 eV for the core to 3.3 eV and 3.18 eV for LFCO/ZnO and LFCO/CuO core/shell NPs respectively. The enhanced transparency of core/shell NPs, particularly at longer wavelengths, is evident from the decrease in refractive index (n) compared to that of the core (LFCO) NPs. This decrease is attributed to the encapsulation of LFCO with either ZnO or CuO NPs. The samples exhibit a decline in both linear and non-linear optical susceptibilities with respect to the square of photon energy. The LFCO/CuO sample shows excellent results in the photocatalytic degradation of aqueous organic dyes, considering it a promising candidate for wastewater treatment and the removal of organic pollutants.

Ateia, E. E., F. S. Soliman, and M. Morsy, "Comparative study of the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of cuprous delafossites CuBO2(B = Zn, Mn and Er) prepared using the flash auto-combustion technique", Physica Scripta, vol. 99, issue 8: IOP Publishing, pp. 085980, 2024. AbstractWebsite

The flash auto-combustion method was utilized to produce Cu-based delafossites of CuBO2 (B = Zn, Mn, and Er). x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to verify the phase formation, surface morphology, and oxidation states of the synthesized delafossite samples. The crystallite sizes were determined to be 43, 16.76, and 21.66 nm for CuZnO2, CuMnO2, and CuErO2 nanoparticles (NPs), respectively. The magnetic characteristics of CuZnO2, CuMnO2, and CuErO2 samples were studied at room temperature, revealing their paramagnetic nature through the hysteresis effect. The Seebeck coefficient (S) for CuZnO2 was found to be positive, while it was negative for CuMnO2 and CuErO2. The thermoelectric power of CuZnO2 NPs was high, indicating their potential as materials for more efficient thermoelectric devices. Additionally, CuZnO2 exhibited an antimicrobial response against four-gram (+ve) bacteria, four-gram (-ve) bacteria, and the fungus Candida albicans (CA). The data obtained demonstrated that CuZnO2 NPs altered bacterial cell morphology, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.

Ateia, E. E., N. Fangary, and D. N. Ghafar, "Reduced A–B super exchange interaction in zirconium doped cobalt ferrite due to laser irradiation", Physica Scripta, vol. 99, issue 7: IOP Publishing, pp. 075971, 2024. AbstractWebsite

The impact of Nd:YAG laser irradiation and the addition of zirconium ions (Zr4+) on the physical properties of CoFe2O4 spinel nano-ferrites has been studied. The co-precipitation method was used to synthesize the samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were employed to examine the structure and morphology. The decrease in the Curie temperature Tc is due to the laser irradiation and the increase in the Zr content of the sample. This decline in Tc is a result of an increase in the canting of the spins, leading to a change in the thermal energy needed for compensate the spin alignment. The difference in the Tc between the non irradiated and the irradiated samples is about 7%, 43% and 34% for CoFe2O4, Co1.1Zr0.1Fe1.8O4, and Co1.3Zr0.3Fe1.4O4, respectively. The decrease in the coercivity of the laser irradiated sample is due to a reduction in the magnetic anisotropy and an altered distribution of the cations (Co2+, Fe3+, Zr4+). The observed trend indicates that laser irradiation, and Zr substitution, can be used to modify the magnetic hardness of the samples. The low coercivity of irradiated Co1.1Zr0.1Fe1.8O4 makes it suitable for a range of applications. The high-frequency response of the Co1+xZrxFe2–2xO4 NPs shows that they can operate within the frequency range of 7.5 GHz–11.56 GHz.

Ateia, E. E., Y. Yasser, and A. S. Shafaay, Multi-substituted barium hexaferrite with magnetoplumbite structure for microwave high-frequency applications, , vol. 115, issue 1, pp. 98 - 114, 2025. AbstractWebsite

Barium hexaferrite (BHF) presents significant potential for different technological applications. By doping BHF with different substitution cations, a range of samples exhibiting diverse electrical and magnetic properties can be created. Gadolinium (Gd3+) was used as an isovalent substitution for Fe3+. On the other hand, Zirconium (Zr4+), Zinc (Zn2+) and Nickel (Ni2+) were used as heterovalent substitutions for Fe3+ as tetravalent and divalent elements. The structure, surface morphology characteristics and magnetic behavior of the samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy analysis (RSA) were used to evaluate the microstructure and establish the presence of the hexagonal phase as the main phase for the prepared samples. The average crystallite sizes obtained from XRD measurements ranged from 29 to 44 nm, while the grain sizes estimated through FE-SEM varied between 56 and 94 nm. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine quantitative elemental composition and the change in valencies due to substitution. The analysis used Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) to study the different magnetic properties of the samples. The composition BaFe11.5Gd0.5O19 exhibited a minimum saturation magnetization of 38.753 emu/g, characterized by an average ionic radius of the B-sub-lattice measuring 0.938 Å, a minimum crystallite size of 29.577 nm, and a maximum coercivity value of 4639.5 Oe. While the composition BaFe11.5Zr0.5O19 with a B-sub-lattice average ionic radius of 0.56 Å has the maximum saturation magnetization of 57.226 emu/g with the minimum coercivity of 2061 Oe. The high-frequency response of the BHFNPs demonstrates that they are capable of functioning in the frequency range of 8.5–13.17 GHz. The barium hexaferrite (BHF) powders synthesized in the present study exhibit high saturation magnetization, high coercivity, minimal magnetic loss, high chemical stability, and significant magnetic anisotropy, making them a strong candidate for high-frequency applications such as communication devices, and electromagnetic shielding.

Ahmed, F. M., E. E. Ateia, S. M. Abd El-Kader, A. S. Shafaay, and S. I. El-dek, Rational construction of a hollow bimetallic porous composite derived zeolite imidazole framework based reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for supercapacitor applications, , vol. 59, issue 31, pp. 14494 - 14509, 2024. AbstractWebsite

A porous electrode material consisting of NiCo2O4/RGO with an approximate diameter of 200 nm has been successfully fabricated. This promising porous material was derived from ZIF-67/RGO (zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 crystals doped with reduced graphene oxide sheets) through an ion exchange and etching process using Ni(NO3)2·6H2O followed by a thermal reaction. The composition was analyzed using spectroscopic and morphological techniques. The obtained porous and hollow structure of NiCo2O4/RGO contains rich active sites. Additionally, its improved performance and stability were demonstrated using potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)]6) (PFC) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as an electrolyte. NiCo2O4/RGO in NaOH/PFC exhibited a maximum estimated specific capacitance of 212.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and demonstrated excellent retention value reaching 91.7% after applying 10,000 cycles at 20 A g−1. This symmetric supercapacitor achieved an outstanding energy density (Ed) of 75.54 Wh kg−1 at a power density (Pd) of 1.6 kW kg−1 at 0.5 A g−1. Surprisingly, there is a 2.5-fold enhancement in Ed (from 32.44 to 75.54 Wh kg−1) of NiCo2O4/RGO through the addition of 0.3 M PFC into 3 M NaOH. The results indicate that the NiCo2O4/RGO electrode could be ideal for supercapacitors.

Ateia, E. E., M. Reda, S. I. El-dek, and M. M. Arman, A comparative approach for estimating microstructural characteristics of BaTi1−xZrxO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) nanoparticles via X-ray diffraction patterns, , vol. 110, issue 3, pp. 887 - 899, 2024. AbstractWebsite

Barium titanate materials are currently a special topic for scientific research due to their effective technological applications. The tetragonal BaTi1-xZrxO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a modified citrate technique. The current work provides a comparative approach for the calculation of crystallite size, stress, strain, and elastic characteristics based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Various models have been developed to analyze XRD data; these models differ in their assumptions, mathematical approaches, and the type of information they provide. The Scherrer model ignores lattice micro-structures that develop in nanostructures, such as intrinsic strain. To overcome such drawbacks, three Williamson-Hall models, (the uniform deformation model (UDM)), the uniform stress deformation model (USDM), and the uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM) have been discussed. According to the USDM model, with increasing Zr ion concentrations, interplanar space increases, causing a drop in Young’s modulus. All the previous approaches take into account the diffraction angle (2θ)-dependent peak broadening, which is thought to represent a combination of size and strain-driven induced broadening.

Ateia, E. E., K. K. Meleka, C. Singh, F. Z. Ghobrial, A. El-Bassuony, and D. N. Ghafar, The synthesis of CoAl0.3Fe1.7O4/SmFeO3 nanocomposites with enhanced properties for technological applications, , vol. 39, issue 7, pp. 1168 - 1180, 2024. AbstractWebsite

The main challenge of the current study is to produce nanocomposites (NCs) of (1-x) CoAl0.3Fe1.7O4 /(x)SmFeO3 with improved structural and magnetic properties using the citrate auto-combustion technique. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images showed nanostructures with average particle sizes of 32.5 and 52.5 nm for SmFO3 and CoAl0.3Fe1.7O4, respectively. The anisotropy constant values for x = 0.3 are nearly 11 times greater than SmFeO3. The ratio of SmFeO3 incorporated into NCs adjusts their switching field distribution (SFD), making NCs with a low SFD recommended for recording applications. NCs offer the combined advantages of the two constituent phases and can be used to create new and more advanced applications. Based on the estimated data, the prepared NCs can operate at a frequency between 0.1 and 11.9 GHz, making them suitable for developing nanotechnology devices from radio waves traveling through the S-band to the Ku band.