Faggal, M. S., M. S. Abdelsalam, S. M. Adel Elhakk, and N. F. Mahmoud, "Proprioceptive training after ACL reconstruction: Standard versus stump preservation technique", Physiotherapy Practice and Research, vol. 40, issue 1, pp. 69-75, 2019. AbstractWebsite

BACKGROUND:Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are considered to be among the most disabling knee injuries. The proprioception function affected due to ACL injuries results in functional instability as neuromuscular control is altered in consequence. PURPOSE:To compare proprioceptive training outcomes following ACL reconstruction with and without stump removal. METHODS:Thirty male patients received a three months rehabilitation program, including an integral proprioceptive training component, after having autogenous hamstring tendon ACL reconstruction. Fifteen patients had done stump shaving technique (group A), and fifteen patients with stump preservation (group B). Mean age was (32.87±7.51 years) for group A and (31.53±6.46 years) for group B. Clinical evaluation included functional performance measured by Lysholm scale, dynamic balance measured by Biodex balance system test (overall stability index), and sense of position measured by active and passive repositioning tests (absolute angular error) on Biodex system 3 isokinetic dynamometer. RESULTS:No significant differences were detected for active and passive repositioning tests and overall stability index of affected and non-affected legs between groups. Moreover, Lyshlom scores between both groups revealed no significant difference. Pairwise comparisons of affected and non-affected legs within either groups were also non- significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Proprioceptive training after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction showed similar effects on function, dynamic balance, and sense of position in patients operated by stump shaving or preservation techniques.

Keywords: ACL reconstruction, proprioceptive training, balance, residual stump, joint position sense

Elhakk, S. M. A., W. M. Ragab, H. M. Zakaria, and W. Mona Selim Faggal, Shreen Ibrahim Taha, "Task Oriented Approach Via Virtual Reality for Improving Postural Control in Stroke Patients", Bioscience Researc, vol. 15, issue 4, pp. 3926-3933, 2018. Abstract3926-3933-1542018br18-671.pdfWebsite

Stroke patients often show an asymmetrical weight distribution, as the paretic leg provides less support
and less weight-shift activity than the sound leg does. The aim of the study was to determine the
influence of task oriented approach via virtual reality on postural control in stroke survivors. Thirty stroke
patients were randomly allocated to two equal groups (control and study groups). The control group
received a traditional balance program for 45 minutes and the study group received a virtual reality
rehabilitation based on the Nintendo® Wii Balance Board (WBB) for 30 minutes in addition to the
balance exercises given to the control group. The training was three times per week for 8 successive
weeks. Pre and post intervention outcome measures were: Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional
Reach Test (FRT), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and
detecting the center of pressure (COP) and the weight distribution by using a Wii balance board. There
was an improvement in all measures in both groups. But the improvement in the balance outcomes was
more in the study group. This study suggested that task-oriented approach using virtual reality could
improve postural control and balance in stroke patients. Thus the study contributes in raising the
awareness of the benefits of using more than one approach in improving the functional outcomes of
survivors of stroke.
Keywords: Stroke, Postural control, Rehabilitation, Task oriented approach, Virtual reality, Nintendo Wii

Adel, S. M., A. H. Draz, and A. A. ElBaky, "Low Frequency Ultrasonic Versus Microcurrent Effect on Tissue Healing After Tendon Suture", Journal of Medical Science and clinical Research, vol. 2, issue 12, pp. 3258-3271, 2014. 26_jmscr.pdf
Latif, N. A. E., N. M. Garib, and S. M. Adel, " Efficacy of Spinal Manipulation As A Part Of Physical Therapy Program In Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Randomized Controlled Trial", Journal of Medical Science and clinical Research, vol. 3, issue 5, pp. 5768-5779, 2015.
Adel, S. M., N. A. E. Latif, and S. A. elazm, "Shock Wave versus Phonophoresis in Treatment of Diabetic Frozen Shoulder", Journal of medical research and practice. March 2013 Volume no 2 Issue 6, vol. 2, issue 6, 2013.
ElBaky, A. A., and S. M. Adel, "Efficacy of 12-week Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program on Exercise Capacity of Burned Children: A Randomized Control Study ", American Journal of Research Communication., vol. 7, 2013.
Adel, S. M., K. Hosny, and S. A. Elazm, "Relation Between Quadriceps Fatigue And Back Muscles Activity In Osteoarthritis Patients During Lifting", Bull. Fac. Ph. Th. Cairo Univ., No. (2) Jul. 2012, 2012.
Garib, N. M., and S. M. Adel, "Efficacy of Augmented training program for hip abductors in stroke patients.", Medical Journal of Cairo University. 2012, 2012.
Zakaria, H. M., and S. M. Adel, " Fecal incontinence Responses to Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation in Partial Spinal Cord Injured Patients", Bull. Fac. Ph. Th. Cairo Univ.,: Vol. 14, No. (1) Jan. 2009, vol. 14, issue 1, 2009.
Gharib, N. M., and S. M. Adel, "Reliability of three-dimensional motion analysis in assessment of Bell’s palsy", International Journal of American Science October 2011 , 2011.
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