MOSTAFA, M. O. H. A. M. M. A. D. H. G. E., M. O. S. H. E. R. A. RATEB, M. E. Saleh, and R. E. H. A. M. MOHAMMED, "Effects of Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Blocking Angiotensin Type 1 (AT1) Receptor, and Blocking Aldosterone Receptor on High Fat Fructose Diet Feeding Induced-Changes in Body Weight, Insulin Resistance, and Hepatic Steatosis", Med. J. Cairo Univ, vol. 82, issue 1, 2014. Abstracteffects_of_inhibition_of_angiotensin_converting.pdf

Objective: The food industry has evolved, providing a supply of increasingly rich diet in terms of fatty acids and fructose. This shift is not without consequences on general health including increase risk of developing obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and diabetes. Expression of all components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system has (RAAS) been shown in adipose tissue of human and rodent models. The present work aimed at studying the effects of inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme, blocking angio-tensin II type 1 receptor, and blocking aldosterone receptor on high fat fructose diet (HFFD) feeding induced-changes in body weight, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in male albino rats.
Material and Methods: 50 male albino rats with body weight 100-115gm were randomly divided into 5 groups. Each group contained 10 rats and with equal average body weights: Group I (control group) in which rats were fed standard rat chow for the entire study duration, Group II (HFFD) in which rats were fed HFFD for the entire study duration, Group III (HFFD+ACE inhibitor) in which rats were fed (HFFD) and treated orally with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, at a dose of 40mg/kg/day, for the entire study duration, Group III (HFFD+AT1 blocker) in which rats were fed HFFD and treated orally with angiotensin II type 1 (AT 1) receptor blocker, losartan, at a dose of 10mg/kg/ day for the entire study duration, Group V (HFFD+Aldosterone receptor blocker) in which rats were fed HFFD and treated orally with Aldosterone receptor blocker, spironolactone, at a dose of 16mg/kg/day for the entire study duration. At the end of study period (10 weeks), rats were weighted then sacrificed. Serum was prepared for fasting glucose and insulin levels, insulin resistance was assessed using HOMA-IR, liver was removed, weighted, separated into 2 parts for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-a), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Carbohydrate Response element binding protein (ChREBP), and Sterol response element binding protein-1c (SREBP) gene expression and for histopathological examination for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis called the NAFLD activity score (NAS) and fibrotic changes.