Assaad-Khalil, S., I. Elebrashy, Y. Afify, B. Abdelmordy, and others, "The Financial Burden of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 And Type 2 In Egypt", Value in Health , vol. 20, issue 9, pp. A477, 2017.
Elebrashy, I., H. E. Haddad, A. Rabie, M. Yousry, M. Rakha, and R. Salam, "Severe hypertriglyceridemia in type 1 diabetes accompanied by acute pancreatitis and organomegaly", Endocrine Abstracts , vol. 10, 2018.
Elebrashy, I. N., A. El Meligi, L. Rashed, R. F. Salam, E. Youssef, and S. A. Fathy, "Thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic female Egyptian subjects.", Therapeutics and clinical risk management, vol. 12, pp. 1757-1762, 2016. Abstract

PURPOSE: High prevalence of thyroid disorders is more common in type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes, due to associated autoimmunity. Hypothyroidism is the most common disorder. The objective was to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic Egyptian females and to find the correlation between metabolic syndrome components and autoimmune thyroid dysfunction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 62 type 2 diabetic Egyptian females and 27 sex- and age-matched controls. All patients in the study were subjected to anthropometric measures, including HbA, lipid profile, serum uric acid, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg), and thyroid ultrasound.

RESULTS: Hypothyroidism was found in 45.2% of patients (5.49±3.37 μIU/mL) versus 11.1% of controls (1.79±1.21 μIU/mL) (<0.001). Anti-TPO was found in 75.8% (347.15±244.87 IU/mL) of patients versus 7.4% (32.89±33.26 IU/mL) of controls (<0.001). Anti-Tg was found in 61.3% (508.03±369.16 IU/mL) of patients versus 0 (51.26±35.53 IU/mL) controls (<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between TSH and antithyroid antibodies (anti-Tg, anti-TPO; =0.002 and =0.043, respectively) and between TSH and thyroid-gland volume (=0.002) in diabetic patients. No correlation was found between any components of metabolic syndrome and thyroid antibodies in diabetic patients.

CONCLUSION: Autoimmune thyroid disease is more common in Egyptian women with type 2 diabetes than nondiabetic women, and thus points to a role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.

Elebrashy, I., E. Yousief, and A. Saif, "Primary anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome causing recurrent venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia in a patient with Addison's disease.", JRSM open, vol. 5, issue 12, pp. 2054270414562985, 2014 Dec. Abstract

We report a case of Addison's disease presenting with recurrent deep venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia and proved to have primary anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome. The case report highlights the shared autoimmune nature of both diseases.

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