Farid, M. F., Y. S. abouelela, and H. Rizk, "Stem cell treatment trials of spinal cord injuries in animals.", Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, vol. 238, pp. 102932, 2022. Abstract

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological spinal cord damage that resulted in the loss of temporary or permanent function. However, there are even now no effective therapies for it. So, a new medical promising therapeutic hotspot over the previous decades appeared which was (Stem cell (SC) cure of SCI). Otherwise, animal models are considered in preclinical research as a model for humans to trial a potential new treatment.

METHODOLOGY: Following articles were saved from different databases (PubMed, Google scholar, Egyptian knowledge bank, Elsevier, Medline, Embase, ProQuest, BMC) on the last two decades, and data were obtained then analyzed.

RESULTS: This review discusses the type and grading of SCI. As well as different types of stem cells therapy for SCI, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The review focuses on the transplantation pathways, clinical evaluation, and clinical signs of different types of SC on different animal models which are summarized in tables to give an easy to reach.

CONCLUSION: Pharmacological and physiotherapy have limited regenerative power in comparison with stem cells medication in the treatment of SCI. Among several sources of cell therapies, mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) one is being progressively developed as a trusted important energetic way to repair and regenerate. Finally, a wide-ranged animal models have been condensed that helped in human clinical trial therapies.

Rizk, H., F. Al-Mulhim, A. Alqosaibi, AfnanAl-Muhnn, K. Farid, S. Abdel-Ghany, A. E. - B. Prince, A. Isichei, and H. Sabit, "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated activation of CDH1 suppresses metastasis of breast cancer in rats", Electronic Journal of Biotechnology , vol. 53, issue 1, pp. 385-390, 2021.
El-Shater, S. N., H. Rizk, H. A. Abdelrahman, M. A. Awad, E. F. Khalifa, and K. M. Khalil, "Embryonic thermal manipulation of Japanese quail: effects on embryonic development, hatchability, and post-hatch performance.", Tropical animal health and production, vol. 53, issue 2, pp. 263, 2021. Abstract

Embryonic thermal manipulation led to several modifications in molecular, physiological, and biochemical parameters which affect pre- and post-hatch growth performance. The current study aims to elucidate the onset and long-term effects of intermittent thermal manipulations (TM) during two-time windows, early/late, of embryogenesis in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) on embryonic development, hatchability, muscle histogenesis, and post-hatch growth performance. Four groups were created; quail eggs in the control group were incubated at 37.7 °C and relative humidity (RH) 55%. Three thermally treated groups were incubated intermittently at 41 °C and 65% RH intermittently (3 h/day): early embryogenesis group (EE) was thermally treated during embryonic days (ED) 6-8, late embryogenesis group (LE) was thermally treated during (ED12-ED14), and early and late embryogenesis group (EL) was thermally manipulated in both time windows. Relative embryo weights in EL and EE were significantly lighter than those in LE and Ctrl groups. The hatched chicks were reared under optimal managemental conditions (three replicates per treatment). Average daily feed intake was recorded, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. Histological and quantitative analyses of muscle fibers were performed. The results revealed that TM led to significant hypertrophy of quail breast muscle in (EE). Intermittent short-term (3-6 h) thermal manipulation (39-40 °C) protocols during early embryogenesis (ED6-ED8) could be recommended to enhance muscle mass growth and breast muscle yield in the Japanese quail.

Tohamy, A. F., S. Hussein, I. M. Moussa, H. Rizk, S. Daghash, R. A. Alsubki, A. S. Mubarak, H. O. Alshammari, K. S. Al-Maary, and H. A. Hemeg, "Lucrative antioxidant effect of metformin against cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity.", Saudi journal of biological sciences, vol. 28, issue 5, pp. 2755-2761, 2021. Abstract

Cyclophosphamide is anticancer drug with a well-Known nephrotoxicity. This work was applied to study the lucrative antioxidant influence of metformin as co-therapy on the nephrotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in the treatment of different cancer diseases. Four groups of male Sprague Dawley rats were used; Control group (C) received single I.P. injection of 0.2 ml saline, Metformin (MET) group received daily gavage of 200 mg/kg metformin for two weeks, Cyclophosphamide (CP) group received single I.P. injection of 200 mg/kg CP, Protector group (CP.MET) received daily gavage of 200 mg/kg metformin for two weeks and single I.P. injection of 200 mg/kg CP at day 7. By day 14 rats were euthanized. Samples were collected from kidney tissues and blood for kidney function evaluation, histopathological and assessment of oxidative stress markers. The results disclosed that CP yields many functional and structural damage to the kidney, worsened oxidative stress markers and kidney function indicators. The protector group displayed better kidney tissue morphology, acceptable kidney function indicators as well as satisfactory oxidative stress markers. In assumption, metformin could be combined with CP owing to its lucrative effect counter to CP persuaded nephrotoxicity.

Rizk, H., S. El-Shater, K. Khalil, H. Abdelrahman, and E. Khalifa, "Thermal Manipulation on Japanese quail embryo; An Embryological Study", Veterinary Medical Journal, vol. 66, issue 1, pp. 115-123, 2020.
Rizk, H., N. A. Shaker, and Y. Elemmawy, "Cat Brain Neuroanatomy using Cryosectioning, Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomography Imaging Modalities ", International Journal of Veterinary Science, vol. 9, issue 3, pp. 385-390, 2020. brain_ct.pdf
Rizk, H., A. F. Tohamy, W. M. Sayed, and A. Prince, "Ameliorative effects of bone marrow derived pancreatic progenitor cells on hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.", Acta histochemica, vol. 120, issue 5, pp. 412-419, 2018 Jul. Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Bone marrow derived pancreatic progenitor cells (BM- PPCs) in diabetic rats. It was conducted on 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220 g. They were divided into three groups: (a) Group 1 was the control group; (b) Group 2 was the diabetic (induced diabetic by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg) and (c) Group 3 was the treated (received injection of 2.5 X 10 BM- PPCs via the tail vein twice with a 21-day time interval). The blood glucose level was estimated weekly, the oxidative stress and insulin gene expression were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Pancreatic tissue histopathology was performed. The insulin immuno-histochemical reaction was applied to the islets. The blood glucose level was reduced in the treated group over time till reaching its acceptable level whereas it was increased in the diabetic group. The oxidative stress was decreased in the treated group compared to the diabetic one. The treated group showed increased expression of the insulin gene compared to the diabetic group. The immune-histochemical analysis of insulin showed an increased number and size of pancreatic islets in the treated group compared to the diabetic one. Thus, the twofold injection of BM- PPCs could restore the normal beta-cell morphology and function.

REZK, H. A. M. D. Y., and S. H. El-Bably, "The arterial vasculature of the wing in domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus)", eterinary Medical Journal –Giza (VMJG), Vol. 60(2),105-123, vol. 60, issue 2, pp. 105-123, 2014.
REZK, H. A. M. D. Y., "Anatomical investigation on the appendicular skeleton of the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis)", ournal of Experimental and Clinical Anatom, vol. 14, issue 1, pp. 5-14, 2015.